A national literacy effort built on participatory principles will require study of existing learner-centered theory and practice, resource development, research and development, training and networking, and careful planning. Literacy educators and learners must support each other to create a constituency for the participatory alternative. (Editor)

The top 100 institutions in total federal obligations for fiscal 1987 in research and development are presented. Amounts shown represent total obligations from 15 federal agencies that accounted for about 95 percent of all federal obligations to universities and colleges in the United States. (MLW)

Presents summary of discussions on research from the Third National Conference for Counseling Psychology. Topics summarized include definition and image; methodological diversity in counseling research; multi- and cross-cultural issues; the connection of research to practice; and research training. Provides 15 recommendations for research in…

Identifies and describes "clinification syndrome," process where art therapists gradually cease making art as clinical skills become primary career focus. Sees priorities of training programs and policies of American Art Therapy Association as contributing to this trend. Offers suggestions to anchor art therapy students and beginning professionals…

The United Kingdom's Teaching Company Scheme, which facilitates technology transfer, provides industry-based training, and stimulates collaborative research, was evaluated by analyzing 95 programs. Two-thirds performed well, and one-third made outstanding contributions to competitiveness, growth, and management development. Failures resulted from…

Universities play a role in supplying well-educated people who can contribute to innovation in business and industry. They also provide continuing training and education and serve as strategic research partners. Effective technology transfer through a variety of mechanisms can convert excellent research into economic benefit. (SK)

Describes the National Science Foundation's (NSF) plan for dividing the agency's current Directorate for Biological, Behavioral, and Social Sciences into two separate directorates; one for the biological sciences and the other for the social, economic, and psychological sciences. Discusses the findings of NSF's Task Force Looking to the 21st…

Provides background on the Internet and describes the responsibilities of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB), Internet Engineering Task Force, and Internet Research Task Force. The Request for Comments series (i.e., publications of the Internet research and development community) and the development of Internet standards are explained, and the…

Describes the offerings of a multidisciplinary research center, the Monell Chemical Senses Center, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of fellowships in such a setting. (JOW)

Provides overview of development of school psychology as scientist-practitioner specialization in regard to contributions of history of professional and scientific foundations for practice, the role of educational agencies and professional organizations in setting standards, perspective derived from major conferences on education and training…

Presents brief history of process research leading to development of process model, which guided development of four measures: therapist intentions, therapist response modes, client reactions, and client behaviors. For each measure, presents description and information about format for data collection, validity, reliability, and research findings.…

Research's lack of influence in education may have the following causes: (1) education may be considered an art that is not analyzable; (2) funding is very limited; (3) adequate, qualified researchers are not available; (4) limited capital investment restricts the impact of technology; and (5) classroom teachers do not share ownership of research…

Reviewed 252 empirical studies of psychotherapy from "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology" in 1967/1968, 1977/1978, and 1987/1988. Found main trend to be decline in theory-guided and rise in pragmatic, clinically oriented research. Discusses disadvantages of purely empirical approach to psychotherapy research and makes…

Examined psychotherapy studies published in "Journal of Counseling Psychology" (JCP) and "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology" (JCCP) between 1978 and 1992. Found that JCP published mostly process, outcome, and analogue research, whereas JCCP published mostly outcome research. Most process and process-outcome studies across journals were…

Discusses the findings of a study that involves the testing of the pharmaceutical Ampakines on laboratory rats. Rats administered Ampakines learn remarkably quickly to navigate new mazes. The question now is does the drug make the rats alert or memory enhanced. Implications for treatment in humans is discussed. (ZWH)