Argues that ability of a firm to recognize value of new, external information, assimilate it, and apply it to commercial ends is critical to its innovative capabilities. A firm's absorptive capacity is largely a function of its level of prior knowledge. A research and development investment model that contributes to a firm's absorptive capacity is…

Interviewed adolescents to record personal situations they experienced concerning food, nutrition, and/or eating. Situation "movement states" were identified to determine qualitative ways in which adolescents perceived themselves as dealing with situations described. Data indicated that this theoretical base may be used by nutrition educators to…

Describes lessons evaluators can learn from the Honda Motor Company and how an evaluation office within the Department of Health and Human Services has applied these lessons. The lessons include (1) sound market research; (2) creating top-notch production capabilities; (3) building a better mousetrap; and (4) aggressive product selling. (SLD)

Conducted review to integrate information from selected journal articles, book chapters, and a few books published in 1991 about careers. From 400 identified sources, selected over 140 entries and organized them under 3 broad categories of Understanding Careers, Context of Careers, and Career Interventions. Each category was subdivided into…

Notes that, although most contributors to career development literature have acknowledged Erikson as father of construct of identity, none has succeeded in formulating construct of identity that is more than caricature of Erikson's thinking. Suggests that what is needed is serious look at the requirements for formulating feasible, dynamic,…

For three decades, counseling psychologists have drawn ideas from social psychology about the social process of counseling, integrated the ideas into counseling theories, and assessed them in research. Traces the history of this interface, examines its products, and projects its future. Identifies three propositions that have guided and have been…

Reviews issues raised in ongoing debate between advocates of eclecticism and proponents of single-theory-based counseling. Sees essential issue for field of mental health counseling to be need to build theory base specific to profession. Asserts that adequate theory must be based on defining principles of mental health counseling profession and…

Examined Cooperative Institutional Research Program participants' use of Freshman Survey data and their perceptions of data's effectiveness for institutional processes. Findings from 393 respondents revealed low level of use, possibly attributable to lack of knowledge about how to apply data effectively. Use of data and data's perceived…

Reviews status of Super's emphasis on career development as process of self-concept implementation. Presents overview of research and measurement issues, then discusses contemporary research programs, including those on career self-efficacy and Gottfredson's theory of circumscription and compromise, relating specific aspects of self-concept to…

Discussed is one facet of a broad range of research activities that fall under the rubric of a study commonly called virtual reality. Projects developed by IBM and other academic and industrial laboratories are described. The limitations of virtual reality are presented. (KR)

Surveys recent research findings on drug education programs in the United States. Notes that findings have been somewhat contradictory but that pattern of encouraging results seems to favor prevention programs that focus on resistance training. Results were complimentary of Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) and Student Assistance Program…

Reviews key assumptions of contextualism, as embodied in social role theory and the lifespan development tradition, highlighting relevant theory and research. Proposes that two vital forces within current counseling, constructivism and interactional counseling, are animated by contextualist notions of development. Outlines specific implications of…

Tome Associates developed techniques to process natural language queries into search statements suitable for use in online text database systems. Problems discussed include word identification, handling of unknown words, system dictionaries, semantic categories and classification, truncation, stemming, disambiguation of multimeaning words, noun…

The relationship between theories about electrical conductivity in microscopic wires and laser speckle patterns is described. Practical applications of laser speckle patterns are included. Wave ideas are being used to describe and predict novel phenomena in disordered solids. (KR)

Explores the advantages of a shift in focus in career counseling research that would put research more in keeping with the counselor's genuine interest in the individual client. Contends that both qualitative and quantitative information about clients should be published, and that each should be perceived as offering valuable information to the…