Case studies on ministries of education were sought from states with populations under 1.5 million and displaying a wide range of economic, geographic, and cultural diversity. The introduction has six main sections: (1) information on definitions and the contents of the book; (2) an account of other Commonwealth Secretariat initiatives on…

Divided into three parts, this report examines the educational system in the Netherlands in a study conducted by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Part 1, the Examiners' Report, describes and discusses the Dutch education system, raises issues, and identifies policy options in seven chapters: (1) introduction; (2)…

This paper describes the effects of apartheid on higher education in South Africa and formulates strategies to restructure post-apartheid higher education for the greatest educational development for all South Africans. It explains that South Africa's apartheid system deliberately structured education to provide a well-funded system for whites at…

The role of governments in the operation of education research and development systems is under critical scrutiny throughout the developed world. The introductory chapter presents the main themes of a seminar held in 1992 and outlines challenges for further work. The next 10 chapters focus on education research and development issues: (1)…

Democratization of education refers to a process that allows decision-making based on alternatives, guided by the conviction that equity, equality, solidarity, freedom and justice are the essential universal values of mankind. This study examines these criteria in the context of reform strategies in the areas of educational planning and practice.…

This book presents and analyzes the history of the Rutgers College of Pharmacy (from 1892 to the present) and relates the Rutgers' experience, not only to national developments in education, but also to developments in the pharmaceutical sciences and to the changing pharmaceutical practices in the nation and in the State of New Jersey. A brief…

This paper reviews the development of infant schools, day nurseries, kindergarten, nursery schools, and Head Start, and discusses the implications of these services for present-day policy. The philosophy and pedagogy of infant schools, their origins, and their development in North America, are described. Also discussed are the origins of day…

Principals have an essential role in school development that includes an institution's effort to reach its goals and objectives. The main responsibility for development lies in the principal's knowledge, team building, involvement, and volunteer gathering. Setting the stage for development means establishing quality as a comprehensive goal,…

Begun in 1978 by a small group of Colombians who were affiliated with a private organization and who were interested in children's upbringing, education, and development, the Promesa Project began by organizing discussion groups among about 20 mothers and their children between 3 and 7 years of age in four remote villages on the shores of the…

This paper seeks to answer the following questions: What is educational planning? In what way can educational development contribute to the socioeconomic development of society? How can a plan be effectively implemented? What are the major characteristics of educational development in Japan as compared to that in other countries? The discussion of…

Influences upon trends in literacy research include national and international agendas, active networks, and public images of literacy. Five trends in literacy research can be discerned. The first trend is research that tries to determine the extent of difficulties with literacy and its causes. Another trend is a shift in views and definitions of…

This paper describes how a plan for the University of Miami (Florida) to conduct college classes in the Bahamas was formulated and implemented. In July 1973, immediately after their country gained independence, a handful of Bahamian students, sponsored by their newly elected government, enrolled at the University of Miami. Stimulated by their…

In redesigning teacher education for the 21st century, five basic principles should be considered as general guidelines. First, teacher professionalism has become a matter of overriding concern. Second, teacher education should offer itself as the field for the humanization of youth. Third, an interdisciplinary approach to education is a key…

The processes of innovation and change at Michigan State University are considered with respect to the Educational Development Program (EDP). EDP refers to innovative programs and organizational changes in undergraduate instruction during 1964-1980. Throughout its existence, the EDP underwent many iterations to make it more acceptable to a…

A plan for studying management procedures that structure the relationships between federal agencies and federally-created research and development (R&D) organizations is discussed. The objective is to identify the types of federal management approaches, examine these approaches from the perspective of their relative emphasis on accountability…