Studies were made between performance on tests of mental abilities and concept learning tasks; it is pointed out that the researcher is usually confronted with administering large batteries of tests of mental abilities and then analyzing his results with one of the factor analytic techniques. An information process analysis of tests of mental…

To test the applicability of systems theory to educational problems, an explanatory construct of "openness" is presented, posited as the crucial variable in determining a system's relation to the environment and therefore the basic property of the individual person-system to be modified by the educational process. Written as a monograph by a…

In a study of Negro children's listening comprehension, conducted in 1969, the following hypotheses were tested: (1) Beginning first-grade Negro dialect speakers who scored high, average, and low on readiness tests show no significant differences in their ability to answer literal comprehension questions about stories presented orally in standard…

The purpose of this investigation was to test two hypotheses concerning the ability of taxonomic tests of cognitive processes to differentiate the performance of students from varying educational environments in an effort to shed additional light on the construct validity of Bloom's Taxonomy. (Author)

This study was designed to investigate the effects of modeling or training with and without rule provision on the employment of strategies in solving four-dimensional, discrimination-learning problems. Subjects were 144 second and sixth-grade children from the New York City Public Schools. The blank-trial hypothesis testing paradigm was used. The…

The Coleman Report demonstrated that family background is correlated with achievement in school. This research examined this relationship for different sexes and social classes. Family background included whether or not a child was living with both natural parents as well as the ordinal position of the child and the number of children in the…

Focuses on the personal and social adjustment of youth, along with parental involvement and concern for career goals and upward mobility. (Author/RK)

The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not accountability in responding to classroom questions affects student performance. Suggests that the degree to which students perceive themselves accountable or required to respond orally at a later time in the classroom should be considered. (Editor/RK)

Contains four articles about various aspects of science education. Addresses a graded assessment scheme in Great Britain, factors affecting school science achievement in Nigeria, the need to address differentiation in science curricula, and the encouragement of developing science hypothesis in elementary schools. (TW)

Reviews study of 30 graduate students that investigated the possible contribution of pictures to the recall and retention of information presented in written prose. The two variables considered were the durability of picture effects, and the effect on recall of information that was not pictured. (LRW)

The central thesis of this article is that the process of eliminating validity threats depends fundamentally on no-difference findings, a fact that has not been made explicit by researchers. The implications of this neglect are explored using examples from a number of different substantive areas such as psychology, health, and medicine.…

Although "quality of education" issues are currently popular in educational evaluation, the author argues for an empirically resolvable evaluation paradigm: Given the target population, program goals, and boundary conditions, how do educational treatments compare in terms of learning effects? Agreement on pre-set specifications and the…

Two quasiexperimental designs--nonequivalent dependent variable and reversed treatment designs--illustrate pattern matching logic as a basis for evaluation, examining college health services. Three pattern matches are significant: (1) program pattern match indicates implementation; (2) measurement match assesses test validity; and (3) effect…

This paper presents 11 statistical procedures which test the equality of m coefficient alphas when the sample alpha coefficients are dependent. Several of the procedures are derived in detail, and numerical examples are given for two. (Author/LMO)

Results of investigation of M.L.S. degree students' needs for structure in required research methods course support hypothesis that, when exposed to such a course taught under low structure conditions, students with simple cognitive style would express demand for greater structure than would students with relatively complex cognitive style. (12…