Sankoff et al. (1997) indicated in their research on discourse markers (DMs) used by anglophones in Montreal that the mastery of DMs is a good indicator of the non-native speakers' integration into the linguistic community. As DMs, especially the informal ones, are not taught explicitly in language classes, their acquisition could only be…

This study aimed at investigating factors including gender, prior experience of hybrid learning, and computer literacy that affect students' attitudes toward hybrid learning with reference to different learning aspects. The study adopted a survey research methodology using a questionnaire and examined 879 students who had enrolled in hybrid…

This article aims to provide a better understanding of Japanese Mixed Heritage Youth's (JMHY) relationship to heritage language and senses of ethnicity, by analyzing their daily language use as provided by 14 JMHY. All (with two exceptions) do not use Japanese at home, and some have enrolled in Japanese as a second language class at a university.…

This paper outlines and describes the effectiveness of a virtual learning environment (VLE) as a grammar learning resource for first year students at a university in southern China over two academic years. The resource, named the Independent Grammar Study Scheme (IGSS), offered short grammar exercises that were completed over a 14-week period by…

This qualitative phenomenological study examined the occupational downgrading experiences of six adult immigrants. Occupational downgrading happens when an individual's occupation post immigration does not match his or her education credentials and previous professional experiences. The goal is to make sense of the participants' narratives through…

This article scrutinises the normalised realities behind integration policies and training for refugees and immigrants that are claimed to be inclusive. The 'great narrative' of Finland has been focused on equal opportunity via education and training, which makes it even more important to examine the hidden realities and how such realities affect…

Numerous studies have examined the significance of motivation in learning English as a Foreign Language. However, only a few studies have focused on English for Specific Purposes settings. The current study examined the students' perception of motivating teaching strategies in ESP classrooms. One hundred and sixty-three ESP students from a public…

The current study addressed the impact of computerized dynamic assessment (C-DA) on the TOEFL "i"BT listening comprehension test administered to Iranian EFL learners (n = 185) who took part in preparation courses on the TOEFL exam in some language centres in Iran. To mediate the test-takers with hints to process the listening questions,…

Writing is especially considered to be a difficult language skill to master for beginner learners. However, this century offers innovations in language education through Information and Communication Technology tools. For instance, blogging platforms like Tumblr, Blogger, and WordPress can be employed in writing classes. At this point, the present…

The redesigned "TOEIC Bridge"® tests are designed to measure the reading, listening, speaking, and writing proficiency of beginning to low-intermediate English learners in the context of everyday adult life. This report describes the comprehensive and multifaceted process used to enhance the meaningfulness of TOEIC Bridge test score…

This article presents two studies performed on 14 immigrant families with children aged one to 16; 12 families in Iceland and two Icelandic families living abroad. Lack of exposure and availability of online materials for learning Icelandic as an L2 may affect what skills children can practise at home. This study represents 32 children aged one to…

This report looks at the future for English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) learning in the content of new immigration policies, the recovery from coronavirus, and Adult Education Budget devolution. Drawing on desk research and stakeholder interviews in the West Midlands region, the report considers key questions for the sector and policy…

Students have the right to be screened and identified for English Learner (EL) status during remote learning. Even if schools are operating by remote instruction, students, between the ages of 3 and 20, have the right to be screened and to be identified as an EL within 30 days of enrollment. This short fact sheet describes some of the basic rights…

This qualitative case study of a high school world language (WL) classroom with flexible language boundaries (Cummins, 2012; Creese & Blackledge, 2010; Garcia & Li Wei, 2014; Turnbull & Daily-O'Cain, 2009) examines how proficient L1 readers constructed meaning from authentic L2 text as emerging bilinguals. Grounded in sociocognitive…

Throughout the decade of 2010-2020, the widespread use of mobile devices of any type (smartphones, tablets) has encouraged and strengthened their use in different learning processes and in different ways. Latest improvements in devices' processing power, in storage capacity, in memory allocation, in wireless connectivity, in GPS and in Bluetooth…