A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED OF NINE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION SUMMER SCIENCE PROGRAMS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS DURING THE SUMMER OF 1961. THE TYPES OF SUMMER PROGRAMS STUDIED WERE THE ACADEMIC TYPE AND THE RESEARCH-PARTICIPATION TYPE. IN THE ACADEMIC-TYPE PROGRAMS, THE STUDENTS RECEIVED AN ADVANCED TREATMENT OF SUBJECT MATTER AND LABORATORY EXERCISES,…

ACTION AND PLANS OF THE MADISON PROJECT TO GIVE RATIONAL GUIDANCE TO EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES IN SCHOOL MATHEMATICS ARE DESCRIBED. THE PROJECT ATTEMPTS TO CONTRIBUTE TO RATIONAL GUIDANCE OF EDUCATIONAL EVOLUTION BY MAKING "THRUSTS AND PROBES" INTO THE UNKNOWN POTENTIAL OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING. EXAMPLES ARE--INTRODUCING THE ARITHMETIC OF…

IN ITS SIMPLEST FORM, THE PROBLEM OF EDUCATION AND CULTURAL DEPRIVATION REDUCES TO ONE OF HOW CHILDREN WHO HAVE BEEN DISADVANTAGED BY THEIR ENVIRONMENT CAN BE BROUGHT UP TO THE EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF MORE FORTUNATE CHILDREN. MANY APPROACHES ARE POSSIBLE. AMONG THE VARIABLES WHICH MUST BE STUDIED IN DEPTH ARE--THE STUDENT, HOME ENVIRONMENT, PEER…

Modern reading theories that are concerned with the reading process of either mature or immature readers show no clearcut concern with unit size. The various graphic units that are encountered by the reader include letters, graphemes, clusters (such as blends), syllables, phonograms, affixes and roots, words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs,…

This author's focus is on identifying and describing the institutional patterns and instructional practices of elementary schools that are instructionally effective, especially for students from low socioeconomic and disadvantaged backgrounds. The steps for designing such a research project are outlined. A study is described that uses basic skills…

The debate between proponents of ethnographic and quantitative methodology in classroom observation is reviewed, and the respective strengths and weaknesses of the two approaches are discussed. These methodologies are directly compared in a study that conducted simultaneous ethnographic and quantitative observations on nine classrooms. It is…

Methodological incarceration occurs when research and investigation are restricted by the traditional concepts of how a study should be designed and are hampered by those notions which dictate what research is. This paper examines several reasons why social science research in general--reading research in particular--is considered by some to be…

This is a review of research relating to the attributes of portrayals which play a role in affecting aggressive behavior. The effects of portrayal can occur at any of three successive stages: acquisition, disinhibition/stimulation/arousal, performance. The older the individual, the more likely the influence is to be in all three stages of…

The limits and boundaries of anthropology are briefly discussed, along with a general description of lay attitudes towards the field. A research case is given to illustrate the way in which anthropological study methods can contribute to educational research. Noted among these contributions is an informed distrust that anthropologists exhibit…

Piaget's early contribution to theorizing about play is discussed critically with reference to three major interrelated problems. These are: (1) that despite their equipotentiality in Piaget's theory of intelligence, imitation and play are not conceptualized as making an equal contribution to cognition, play taking a subordinate role; (2) that…

This document discusses methodological issues involved in tracking panel respondents. (Panel studies are descirbed as a type of longitudinal study which requres gathering data from the same individuals at more than one point in time.) First, an overview is presented of representative studies which follow different tracking methodologies that have…

This review of research involving children's moral judgment of literature indicates that such research has been plagued by serious methodological problems stemming largely from the fact that the stimulus materials used to assess children's comprehension and evaluations have tended to be poorly constructed. It contends that this forces children to…

Needed research refers to both the kind of study and the area in which the work is done. Design elements and characteristics for needed research include (1) normative studies, (2) statements of statistical significance, (3) precisely formulated problems, (4) carefully defined hypotheses, (5) well-defined populations and randomly selected samples,…

This progress report describes the method used in acquiring the verbal behavior of teachers during class time. The method of acquiring this data is an important part of the larger study concerned with the evaluation and standardization of coding categories for use as an observation and research tool in analyzing teacher behavior. In fact, the…

External political pressures which influence the role and methodology of evaluation are described in the lead article by Henry M. Brickell. These influences, according to the author, are constantly present and are often more powerful in their effect than the actual evaluation findings. Based upon his experiences as an evaluator of educational…