Current educational planning systems have often failed or been irrelevant because they have been based on inaccurate assumptions about educational organizations. Traditional planning models assume educational organizations are goal-driven, follow rational and sequential processes, operate in predictable environments, and have effective internal…

The interactional teaching patterns of 36 fathers and mothers with their 6-year-old sons and daughters were studied. Parents were asked to play (in parent-child dyads) with their child on a jigsaw puzzle and to teach the child to remember 25 picture cards that could be divided into conceptual categories. It was found that parents' instructional…

The evaluation of an interdisciplinary, process curriculum for real problem solving required a tool for differentiating that program's application from the actual treatments taken by students receiving more traditional alternatives to the experimental program. Treatments could not be controlled or assigned at random, and these restrictions…

Linear syllogisms present two premises, each describing a relation between two terms. The individual's task is to infer the relation among the three terms of the linear syllogism, and then answer a question about one or more of these relations. For example, "John is taller than Bob. Sam is shorter than Bob. Who is the tallest?" Students…

The conceptualization of clinical problem solving which is described attempts to clarify and quantify the nature of clinical decision making independent of content, and centers around the clinical encounter and preceptor. The Inquiry Theory is described from three perspectives: (l) as a set of statements about clinical problem solving, (2) as a…

This paper addresses the future role of the Ford Foundation in helping to improve society's capacity to resolve conflicts. Part I discusses the problem. In recent years America has had many sorts of conflicts and disputes. Examples are racial equality, energy allocation, environmental protection, consumer rights, and equal educational opportunity.…

This monograph is intended to help parents, students, and lay persons understand more clearly the expectations, responsibilities, and day-to-day activities of the school principal. Most of the references made in the publication are to secondary principals, but many of the role expectations apply to elementary principals as well. The author…

It has been suggested that cognitive style interacts with performance on tasks measuring formal thought. It is hypothesized that cognitive style interacts with task context rather than with the underlying formal thought processes. Experiments are reported to clarify the type of task that elicits an interaction and to determine whether such…

The Structured Discussion Approach (SDA) is a continuing inservice program in which faculty members mutually decide upon and attempt to solve common instructional problems. The five steps in the SDA are: identify the major instructional problems felt by the faculty, discuss with the faculty the framework behind the SDA, prepare for the outside…

Presented are 13 articles which contain abstracts and analyses of research reports related to mathematics education. The first article considers six working papers, on a variety of topics, from E. G. Begle and the Stanford Mathematics Education Study Group. Of the remaining reports, two deal with problem solving, five with some aspect of learning…

This module is the second in a self-instructional program designed to train public school personnel in how to manage educational projects. The purpose of this module is to provide current or potential project directors with the basic knowledge, skills, abilities, and sensitivities needed to manage a local educational project. In the areas of…

This handbook is intended to aid in the implementation of the Pennsylvania School Improvement Program (PSIP), a curriculum improvement program. The PSIP model of curriculum improvement contains an intermediate unit (IU) linker (curriculum specialist) leading a school-level local action team (LAT) through a structured problem-solving approach to…

Based on the Florida Linkage System Project, this training program introduces school personnel to methods and resources for group problem-solving and decision-making. The program focuses on developing and refining skills for communication, data gathering, problem analysis, decision-making, goal setting, and program development. A primary objective…

This study employs a time-series analysis of naturalistic developmental functioning to describe characteristics of transition in social development. A special education classroom of eight preadolescents, ages 11 and 12, provided subjects for this study. Transitional patterns in social cognitive development were studied in children's…

This report, the second of three prepared for the Massachusetts Department of Education, focuses on a formative evaluation which identifies descrepancies between innovative Title IV-C educational programs as planned and as the programs operated. Contents are organized in five main chapters each of which represents a different perspective but all…