Research on the problems faced by women in managerial positions is reviewed in this paper. Work in the area of tokenism is presented first, followed by similar research documenting the fact that females participating in mixed groups operate at a disadvantage. Research on the problems of women in leadership roles is presented next. Other…

This pamphlet provides suggestions for students concerning how to best use and interpret educational research. Students should recognize that there is nothing wrong with questioning research. Among the myths that must be challenged are that if something is published, it must be true, and that scientists are objective and uninfluenced by societal…

Because the ultimate power to control school reform is in the hands of the superintendent or some other similarly positioned administrator, the reforms tend to benefit some student or constituency groups more than others. Judging from the personal characteristics of most superintendents and the political context of the superintendency itself, it…

Building on previous investigations of the effects of team-organized instructional arrangements on elementary school teachers' sense of autonomy, this report reexamines data from 14 multiunit schools which still retained the team instructional plan at the end of the second year of implementation. Indicators measured were interdependent teaching…

Policymaking has been studied from a variety of conceptual perspectives. The political bargaining model, used in conjunction with the broader systems framework, constitutes a familiar approach to research regarding education policymaking at the state level. This paper focuses on the conceptual implications of a study which applied that approach to…

Two studies used multidimensional scaling to uncover viewers' spontaneous, largely implicit interpretations of Dallas (American) and Coronation Street (British), two soap operas in a genre of social realism that explicitly aims to parallel or directly contribute to the symbolic world of the viewer. The results bear upon the discipline of social…

A guide for college presidents is presented that reviews briefly the significant research on leadership and power and discusses each presidential constituency. Attention is directed to the uses and limits of the following types of power in many daily situations: coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, and charismatic. Of these types of power, it is…

Conflict over authority between the California Legislature and the University of California is examined. While the University of California has broad constitutional autonomy over academic matters, organization, and governance, the legislature has certain authority over the university under its own constitutional and budgetary powers. Attention is…

The study of language conflict in Ontario is part of a larger project that is analyzing the links between intercultural relations and legal mechanisms within this and three other Canadian provinces. This study looks at the problems created by the close proximity of communities using the two official languages, French and English, and at the rules…

Using Amitai Etzioni's (1961) sociological model as a basis for analysis, the paper examines the relationship between central student characters and their chief reference group or significant other(s) in the schools as portrayed in three films: "If" (1969), "Child's Play" (1972), and "Educating Rita" (1983). Two…

A study of various forms of credit or non-credit used in Florida colleges and universities examines their relationship to traditional college credit, courses, and programs. An expansion in the kinds of credit and their usage is a focus of concern of Florida's Statewide Course Numbering System (SCNS). The practices of Florida postsecondary…

An analysis of Maori parental participation in the New Zealand educational system is presented: Part I is a tentative theory-building exercise for examining existing parental participatory groups; Part II reviews Maori activity on voluntary committees that administer to schools; and Part III sets out some suggestions for research. The typology of…

The power associated with identities is frequently negotiated within children's narratives and play scripts. When children engage in text production, they dispute and mediate their interpersonal and ideological relations. In this article, the author outlines an understanding of "whiteness" as a form of power or capital that is…

Proceedings from a conference entitled "Women Moving Forward: Improving Florida's Economy through Leadership, Power and Influence" are presented. The 1979 statewide conference, which brought together leaders from industry, government, education, and the communities, was designed to promote the social and economic needs of women. Contents…

Integrating concepts of basic citizenship education with community involvement, this experiential curriculum provides a means for developing decision making and critical thinking skills within the existing second grade social studies curriculum. The 10 lessons cover the following concepts: friendly, unfriendly and dependable behaviors; friendship…