This paper argues that science can be defined with sufficient clarity so as to maintain a coherent boundary for the practical purposes of school science curriculum development. That boundary excludes most forms of indigenous knowledge, if not all, just as it excludes art, history, economics, religion, and many other domains of knowledge. Being…

The aim of this paper is to expand the conceptualization of social capital to guide investigations of the construct in educational settings. Based on fieldwork in six U.S. high schools, the authors present a framework for studying the effects of school-based forms of social capital on adolescents' academic development. The study identified six…

Since 1970, essentially all research favors the creation of small high schools. Four forces that have contributed to the growing obsolescence of large, comprehensive high schools are the onset of the information age, the emergence of an adolescent culture, the students' rights movement, and changing attitudes about the proper functioning of…

This paper constructs a history of empowerment and critical pedagogies in U.S. composition studies, building on the idea that critical pedagogies arise out of social constructs and exigencies, and they are not divorced from the realities of students' academic concerns and growths. Primary sources for the paper are table of contents pages in…

International research has consistently found that early childhood staff are anxious about their relationships with parents. This qualitative study examined the perceptions of early childhood staff from a variety of early childhood settings in Australia regarding their experiences with the federal government's Quality Improvement and Accreditation…

Since the Industrial Revolution, a separation has occurred between art education, taught in the academies of Europe, and applied art education, taught in common schools. The academies based their teaching on limitation; the common schools based theirs on geometric drawing. Ideological and social factors are examined to explain this occurrence.…

Australia's Inquiry into Management Education (the Ralph Report) recommends a narrow framework for management education for the next 10 years and has designed the framework after very little discussion. The changes may set an unfortunate precedent for policymaking and patterns of authority within government and institutions. (MSE)

Examines ideological environment that informed the actions of colonial education policy-makers, and its effects on education made available to Africans and their response to the education offered. Suggests three independent factors are closely involved and make vitally important contributions to the unfolding of colonial educational development,…

Compares the state governance and power structures in early child education in Michigan, California, and New York. Focuses on the informal, dynamic networks of power and influence among public and private agencies and, in turn, between these agencies and clients attached to a variety of interest groups. (Author/GC)

Alienation among teachers has increased as their demands for greater professional autonomy increase. Conflict arises when principals reject teachers' need for independence. The professional teacher's rejection of bureaucratic organizational techniques results from professional training with its commitment to higher ideals. (JN)

Examines three assumptions that underlie the argument that shared governance must be reformed, and based on the professional literature and experience, counters them. The assumptions are that the bureaucracy appropriate for industry is appropriate for a higher education institution, democratic decision making undermines effective college and…

Presents an ecological model identifying four factors: the child, caregivers, facility environment; and exogenous factors contributing to child maltreatment in residential care. Facility factors include organizational culture and staffing patterns. Caregiver factors include gender, age, training, and status. Child factors include gender, age, and…

Uses examples of institutional child abuse within the Australian police force, social service departments, diplomatic service, schools, the judicial system, and the church to show that leadership may mitigate or amplify abuse. Contends that the precedence of adults' rights over children's rights contributes to child abuse. The recent creation of a…

British standards for inspection of residential services will not protect children from abuse because they do not address underlying problems. New proposals may correct some problems, but inspections probably cannot meet child protection objectives. Future developments should address enforcement of standards, collaboration between agencies…

Briefly describes several approaches to multicultural education including highlighting minority achievements and emphasizing human relations and social reconstruction. Argues that social reconstruction is the most productive approach for teaching urban geography. Social reconstruction examines the creation and perpetuation of inequality through…