Challenge to organizational authority, publicly presented in the local newspaper, can be either enlightening or trying for organizational managers and their public relations staff, depending on their viewpoint. Using a large public university as the organization, a study looked at these challenges and at what factors determine whether an…

This monograph describes and compares the membership, organization, and policy-making responsibilities of state boards of education in the 49 states that have them. First, board members' characteristics, their civic activities, and their reasons for serving are discussed. Second, a total of 10 distinct governance models are identified, although 3…

School environments conducive to equal status relations appear counter-productive to assimilation, according to a study of the relationship between school status characteristics and assimilation levels achieved by Hispanic sixth graders. A prior study provided data for this research from 10 desegregated elementary schools in California regarding…

The nature of teachers' control in classrooms is explored in order: to understand the tension created when noneducators superimpose their rules on the regime of teachers at work and to learn something of a general nature about the antagonism between regulators and those they regulate. Teachers' regulatory powers are based on coercion, exchange, or…

Cities and religious orders in colonial Latin America competed vigorously and often bitterly to acquire a university, but little is understood of the cultural impact of the university on cities, regions, or the colonial system. The university in the Spanish colonies derived its organization and traditions from the University of Salamanca, a…

Individual teachers with access to information of importance to administrators--either through expertise or through occupation of a central position-- can exert power over administrators and influence their actions, according to a recent study. The researchers developed a model of subordinate power over superordinates, generated two hypotheses…

This article presents a negotiating practice that demonstrates the importance of the interplay of visual, verbal and linguistic signs. As such it discusses the relationship between identity and a signifying practice in a Swedish preschool, as children and teachers negotiate meaning. With emphasis on the relationship between building identity and…

Objective B of the Regional Project Statement for Project S-120 is "to determine perceptions toward development in activities, agency representatives, and clientele affected by organizational and agency activities". This paper addresses Objective B and presents a perspective which "suggests an answer to the inevitable 'so what' question when…

Phase I of a more comprehensive project examined the perceived incentives and constraints related to acceptance of new ideas and small-scale economic enterprises by low income families. Six counties of northwest Florida were selected on the basis of their rurality, racial composition, and incidence of poverty. A multi-stage sampling procedure was…

The sources of the chronic precariousness of order in public secondary schools are examined. The means of control available to principals and teachers are analyzed and the consequences of strategies of control are considered as they interact with strategies for academic education. Order and academic education as goals often require mutually…

In addition to describing the traditional college curriculum and comparing historical moments in curriculum change in America, this history defines other historic dimensions: prescription versus free choice, general versus specialized education, elite versus egalitarian education, mass versus individualized instruction, autocratic versus…

In a 1976 decision forbidding school boards to negotiate agreements with unions to share teacher tenure decisions (Cohoes City School District v. Cohoes Teachers Association), the New York State Court of Appeals assumed that boards actually make the tenure decisions. To test this assumption, researchers investigated the locus of decision-making in…

A perception of "faculty power" frequently expressed during consultant/consultee interactions is analyzed, and approaches to dealing with the perception and also meeting the consultation objectives are suggested. This commonly expressed perception is that faculty hold untested strength that should not be bothered, challenged, or antagonized. In a…

This proposal for effective educational change is concerned primarily with the establishment of more appropriate systems for structuring the educational process in Europe following the developments in educational philosophy during the 1960s. Designed specifically to apply to the educational system in Norway but based on principles applicable to…

The issues of accountability, conflict, and academic freedom in higher education and the relationship between institutions and state coordinating boards (governing boards, voluntary and compulsory coordinating boards, and planning agencies) are addressed. The causes and nature of the inherent conflict between state coordinating bodies and…