Classroom research must examine how authority is expressed. However, its expression cannot be conceived of solely as a property of the teacher: Many aspects of the exercise of authority are a function of the classroom instructional organization. These effects must be fully detailed. (Author)

Many of the problems of the financial aid profession are discussed, including the financial aid officer's lack of campus influence. Specific suggestions are offered for financial aid staff to take the initiative in bringing new funds, working with other officials, and dealing effectively with federal regulations. (LB H)

Presents a history of school administration in England and Wales during the 20th century. Comments are based upon the government-sponsored Taylor Report. Recommendations by the Taylor Committee include closer parent/school relationship, better teacher training, and clearer definition of educational objectives. (Author/DB)

Uses cross national data to examine how economic, political and educational structures affect both the participation of women in the labor force and their employment in more powerful and well rewarded positions, and assesses the relevance of comparative studies of women as a status group to national public policy considerations. (Author/JM)

Notes and predicts persistence in the nature of the links between social scientists and the polity, and speculates that we may also be on the threshold of basic alterations in, or at least challenges to, these traditional arrangements. This prognosis is essentially hopeful for those of us who are social scientists and socialists. At issue is how…

Argues that as important as what the Carter administration will do is what the Carter victory has already done: it decisively ended the Nixon era in American society. The Carter administration will attempt to synthesize the striving for excellence of the Nixon era and the push for participation of the King era. (Author/JM)

The author sees a serious need to encourage training and research activities relating to long-term normative change in social, economic, political, and cultural systems, especially of transnational and global scales. He makes the judgment that we are in the midst of a transition process as fundamental as the convulsive process that accompanied the…

This is a review of work done in the past twenty years with the Control Graph, including the evolution of Control-Graph studies, its relationship to other perspectives of organizations, and an overview of study findings. (Author)

While the Sandinista government has streamlined Nicaraguan education and encouraged expansion, many say that material and methodological shortcomings are threatening the system. (MSE)

The relationship between leaders and followers is crucial and often misunderstood. Ninety percent of leadership can be taught, and the remainder consists of energy, stamina, and ingredients of undetermined origin. Those who study leadership come from many disciplines, but what is learned should be shared. (MSE)

Identifies threat, economic, and integrative powers as components of national power, and examines the use of such powers by the United States and other nations. States that threat power is costly, while crippling those who use it. Advises nations to concentrate on economic and integrative powers, avoiding intervention and related actions. (GEA)

Trends in the enrollments and finances of American colleges and universities are described. As the demography of the student body has changed, enrollments have remained constant. The history and development of higher education is discussed in the context of leadership and market influences. Universities will have more important roles the future.…

This research verifies complaints of substitute teachers that their work is dreary and unfulfilling. To improve this situation substitute teachers must be accepted by students and school personnel as full-fledged teachers with legitimate authority, rights, and responsibilities. Assigning them to specific subjects and grades will help them to…

It is proposed that Giddens' theory of structuration explains some of the complexities of the actions of principals and teachers in the process of school change, and a specific change occurring in an Australian suburban school is analyzed in this context (MSE)

Interviewed 60 jail corrections officers in four types of jails to examine views about working relations and judgments of institutional policy. Respondents reported feeling unappreciated by superiors and powerless in relation to inmates. Officers were caught between administration demands for safety and recently acquired rights of inmates. (NB)