Examines whether school-expenditure theory can be described in terms of Thomas Kuhn's punctuated-equilibrium model: long periods of theoretical stasis interspersed with brief periods of revolutionary change. Current researchers, influenced by organizational behavior theories, believe that finding a global money/student outcome relationship is an…

Portrays authors' work as external change agents involved in numerous comprehensive, school-based reform efforts in the United States. Concerned with schools' micropolitics, focuses on efforts to develop democratic school cultures and on various issues (victimization, leadership, and authenticity) related to these schools' internal governance.…

Examined the effects of socialization and participation in community activism on female social work students' development of skills in leadership, influence, power use, and collaboration. Surveys and focus groups indicated that women had few opportunities to develop leadership skills until college and were uncomfortable with their power and…

Explores the roles of parents in three urban high schools engaged in the reform of mathematics education, focusing on teachers' perceptions of parents and parents' perceptions of their children's mathematics education. At all three schools parents were involved in only a limited and passive fashion. (SLD)

The Candora women's collective uses a participatory model in developing community-based programming for women. Such grassroots organizations are faced with ethical dilemmas in negotiating the interests of funding agencies, organizations, and the women served. (SK)

Society is not meeting the needs of most children in U.S. urban schools. Although the articles in this special "Educational Policy" issue are provocative, contributors fail to recognize the subjectivity of knowledge accumulation. They advocate tactics to reinforce existing power imbalances in society, rather than suggesting ways to…

Reasons for conflict between college faculty and administrators are discussed, focusing on the differences in roles and authority structures, persistent daily interpersonal conflicts, unclear standards of judgment, different decision-making intentions, mutual lack of understanding of power status, and irritations common in the boss-employee…

Describes a study examining the effect of race and organizational level on the use of social power by African American and White female community college administrators. Indicates that although organizational level had a significant effect on scores on an inventory of power use, race was found to have no effect. (12 citations) (MAB)

Describes a study seeking to develop a theory of instructional leadership grounded in interview data from practicing administrators and their teachers. Effective elementary instructional leaders engaged in various strategies designed to balance power inequities in their school community. They exemplified the use of collaborative power based on…

Identifies four key emphases in life-long radical journalist I. F. Stone's approach to reporting: his strategic approach to documents, his commitment to history, his devotion to on-the-scene research, and his independence from sources. Considers limitations and adaptations of Stone's approach for the practice of reporting and for understanding the…

Reviews "Writing the Rural," five "cultural geographies" by Paul Cloke, Marcus Doel, David Matless, Martin Phillips, and Nigel Thrift that focus on proliferating meanings of "rural" and on understanding the "rural" as something fashioned by both rural residents and various outside actors. Highlights the…

Explores research on the retirement experience: (1) at the state level; (2) in the United States overall; and (3) at the international level, to determine the gender, class, and racial/ethnic relations embedded in these experiences. Questions processes that lead to divergent aging experiences in different populations. (SNR)

Examined Korean first, third, and fifth graders' judgments about authority commands regarding moral events. Found that children judged that a principal, teacher, class president, and child without an authority position have legitimacy and should be obeyed when giving morally right directives. Children gave greater legitimacy to persons giving…

Superintendents can protect themselves from the toxic effects of leadership seduction by monitoring their communication with colleagues and constituents; seeking balance in their personal, professional, and spiritual life; working on what matters; focusing on relationships; learning from adversity; and monitoring their effectiveness. (MLH)

Describes a demonstration that draws parallels between the Zimbardo prison experiment and the impact that assignment to low and high power roles can have on the behavior of men and women. Finds that students rated women as more similar to prisoners (subordinate role) and men as more similar to guards (dominant role). (CMK)