Compares two methods of measuring bureaucratic structure, Hall's organizational inventory and the University of Aston (England) approach, and tests them using data from 55 public high schools in New Jersey. Factor analysis reveals four underlying dimensions of school structure, including organizational control, rational specialization, system…

The ways in which academic departments and professional associations limit academic freedom are examined. Obstacles to academic freedom can begin with the appointment process, and include peer review, departmental coherence, preaccepted constraints of academic employment, posttenure security, and specialization. (MSE)

Governance involving participation of a broad constituency including faculty, staff, and administrators is recommended for graduate dental education. The role of external influences such as government, professional agencies, consumer organizations, and regulatory bodies is discussed. The government role is expected to increase. (MSE)

Evaluation occurs within existing programs and power arrangements of complex organizations. It may develop as a licensed concession within a program or as an expression of a concession made to the ideal of rational decision making. The formation of professional career paths in evaluation may lead to career immobility. (Author/MH)

The one-parent household forgoes the hierarchy usually maintained in a two-parent household. Thus, children of single parents are given more responsibility, often have closer relationships with their parents than children in two-parent homes, and tend to mature more rapidly. (Author/GC)

Involving women in institutional decision making does not necessarily create an environment in which women's issues are taken seriously. It may be that, as at Princeton, full professional acceptance of women by male colleagues comes only with distinguished scholarship, creativity, and productivity. (MSE)

Probate coincides with changes in the relational system of a family and often affects the distribution of status and power among kin. The systems approach focuses on the interrelations among beneficiaries and, in some cases, disinherited members of the family. (Author)

Offers a conceptual model based on two encompassing perspectives: (1) negotiating as a set of dilemmas that are derived from the "cooperation-fighting" polarity and (2) negotiating as a composition of four kinds of activities, each connected to a different intention. (Author)

Compares the bases of power of principals with those of supervisors in other organizational settings. For the most part, the bases are the same. Teachers prefer principals to exert legitimate and expert power. (IRT)

Responds to John Rouse's attack on Mina Shaughnessy's teaching strategies for composition instruction (see EJ 209 264). Offers personal experiences to illustrate the role of the basic writing teacher and the uses of authority in the basic writing classroom. (JT)

Describes Milgram's experiments in which individuals (assigned the role of "teacher") obeyed instructions to administer what they thought were severe electric shocks to "learners," and reports criticisms of the findings. Concludes that the experiments were sound and that they demonstrate that morality is situation-related…

Discusses language discrimination in international relations and promotes the use of Esperanto as a universal second language making all language groups equal. (JMF)

The changing administrative role of the department chairperson is examined, and suggestions are offered to prepare the administrator to function in this changed role. (JMF)

Introduces a special issue focusing on ways in which communication and information policy are forms of power for the state. Discusses problems in analysis of the state; history of the concept of the nation and the state; the decline of the state; problems in the analysis of power; and phases, forms, attributes, and units of power. (SR)

Addresses the following question: How are young bilingual informants positioned and how do they position themselves and others through discursive strategies within structures of languages, gender, and schooling. Draws on two theoretical approaches to understand the nature of language and power relations in a specific historical location in a…