Although adult education is committed to democratic values, its knowledge base reproduces the structures and values of larger academic culture, which excludes many. Although the field speaks of empowerment for others, it has yet to realize such empowerment for itself. (Author/SK)

Discusses the role of the teacher as authority in the classroom. Questions whether an assertive teacher can be understood as anything less than an abuser of students. Considers the place of the text in four classroom scenarios with regard to these questions of authority. (HB)

Students will be more engaged and motivated in settings that empower them and enable them to develop skills of working in community. Accepting responsibility for themselves and helping others learn creates personal investment and connection. (SK)

Drawing on relevant literature and a qualitative study of 13 women superintendents, this article explains why an ethic of care is essential. Many women in positions of power use a collaborative, social-production model because they are uncomfortable with a social-control model and because they believe relationships are important. Study…

Study outlines processes involved in adolescent girls' responding to sexual harassment. Grounded theory methodology is used to create a theory of these processes. "Learning about the self" was the core category elicited from interviews. Processes represent girls' movement from seeing themselves as "objects" of others'…

Advocates increasing understanding of educational leadership by adopting a comparative, cross-cultural lens. Suggests a framework for comparing cultural influences on educational leadership across national and cultural boundaries. Outlines six cultural dimensions: power distributed/concentrated, group/self-oriented, considerate/aggressive,…

Summarizes competing approaches to the role of culture in community development and use of community media--as top-down dissemination of messages or as participatory action research. Presents a case study of the use of video for community participation and empowerment in Burkina Faso. (Author/SK)

Highlights unifying concerns in the articles contained in this special issue. The three main themes that constitute critical approaches to TESOL are the focus: the domain or area of interest, transformative pedagogy, and a self-reflexive stance on critical theory. (Author/VWL)

Examines stories told by the members of a Roman Catholic parish staff to each other in informal settings, investigating ways they reinforced or challenged the organization's power structure and reflected changes in cultural traditions. Shows that much story content reinforced the church's hierarchy, and occasionally reflected changes in the larger…

Reviews and analyzes (1) Congressional efforts, from l967 to 1973, to limit and control military public relations; and (2) the use of legal counterstrategies by the military that contravened the intent of Congress. Suggests that elected officials have limited power to control public relations programs in government agencies. (NH)

Comparison of two graduate courses revealed the complex ways in which power relations based on race, class, gender, disability, and sexual orientation interact with theories of mastery, voice, authority, and positionality. Teacher and learner power relations particularly influenced classroom dynamics. (SK)

Reviews the theoretical background, methodology, and preliminary results of a planned study of what teachers think about power to be conducted in three stages with kindergarten and comprehensive school teachers in Finland. Preliminary results from 22 teachers identify power most clearly as a social category. (SLD)

In Iran, community mosques have been decentralized institutions of local power. Mosque leadership was influential in the overthrow of the Shah. However, the resulting Islamic Republic dominated and used mosques as agents of social control. (SK)

Documents a Macedonian/Albanian dual-language immersion program in Macedonia and recommends how to structure bilingual programs that build community between language groups where there exists an unequal power structure between the two languages. (Author/VWL)

A case study of a health promotion coalition to reduce deaths from AIDS and substance abuse illustrates how empowerment planning can take place, as well as how political and ethical issues influence planning decisions. (SK)