Harassment of black elected officials by governmental agencies and media is examined. Potential implications for minorities in our society are addressed. (JP)

Principals and administrators need to demonstrate management authority and leadership behavior. Discusses the strengths and weaknesses of different styles and how different leadership styles affect organizational climate. Includes a figure. (MD)

Investigated relationships among facets of role conflict and role-specific performance over three organizational levels of university faculty members (N=102). Results support treating role conflict as a multifaceted construct examining role conflict with respect to role-specific performance measures, and considering the moderating effect of…

Examines two models of social control processes in computerized work settings, management control and professional negotiations, and introduces a third: institutional control. Discusses the value of these models in light of an intensive study of one complex organization. Asserts that the institutional control model helps explain crucial social…

Emphasizes the greater power of producers over consumers, those controlling distribution of valued goods beyond the family having most power. Describes how, historically, population replacement requirements have interacted with modes of subsistence technology to shape the differential distribution of power and prestige by sex, citing evidence from…

Examines aggression and violence from an interdisciplinary perspective. Humanistic psychologist Rollo May sees violence as the end product of power deprivation. Anthropologists Konrad Lorenz and Robert Ardrey regard aggression as an innate biological drive. Anthropologist Richard Leakey views it as a learned, culturally determined response.…

Identified two subdimensions of an index designed to measure children's perceptions of older adults in responses from 120 Afro-Caribbean children living in a rural Costa Rican community. Findings showed older females were perceived as more authoritative and older males as more affective. Used ethnographic techniques with survey results to…

The focus of this essay is the social functions of educational reform as part of the social and political outcomes of schooling. It argues against change which looks at particular events without considering issues that tie schooling to questions of history and power. (MT)

Most continuing educators would like their programs to occupy a position of centrality in the university; in actuality, the marginal status that many see as undesirable can be beneficial to continuing education programs, yielding increased creativity and freedom to innovate. (CH)

"Illiterate America," a book by Jonathon Kozol is used as a platform to propose an alternative model of functional literacy which does not adjust the disadvantaged to the status quo, but enables them to acquire intellectual access to their world and their place within that world. (MT)

Clinical supervision should not be construed as "delivery of services" to targeted audiences of teachers deemed inexperienced, inefficient, or incompetent. Supervision should instead empower and emancipate teachers by creating conditions under which they can examine classroom actions in terms of the historical, social, and cultural…

Defines the concept of the synergistic model of organizational structure. The primary components of the model are cooperative action and job integration, which have as a direct result the increased energy in staff members using the model. (MD)

Reassesses Tallman's proposition that the optimum family structure for effective problem-solving is one that provides for open communication, centralized authority, and consensus about family roles and goals. Suggests a revised basis for Tallman's view: achieved centrality of organization, obtained when groups structure themselves as part of the…

Counselor networks are presented as a means toward national licensure and empowerment. The Counselors Alumni Network (CAN) is a functioning model for change, affording visibility and access to the legislative process. (Author/ABB)

How the novel "1984" evolved out of Orwell's mind and experience is examined. The novel was meant to be much more than an attack on the Soviet Union and communism. The real target is the deadly combination of advanced technology and unbridled exercise of power over the individual. (RM)