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Peer reviewed
Direct linkPark, Haeil; Iverson, Gregory K.; Park, Hae-Jeong – Brain and Language, 2011
We investigated how articulatory complexity at the phoneme level is manifested neurobiologically in an overt production task. fMRI images were acquired from young Korean-speaking adults as they pronounced bisyllabic pseudowords in which we manipulated phonological complexity defined in terms of vowel duration and instability (viz., COMPLEX:…
Descriptors: Vowels, Phonemics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes
French, Robert M.; Addyman, Caspar; Mareschal, Denis – Psychological Review, 2011
Individuals of all ages extract structure from the sequences of patterns they encounter in their environment, an ability that is at the very heart of cognition. Exactly what underlies this ability has been the subject of much debate over the years. A novel mechanism, implicit chunk recognition (ICR), is proposed for sequence segmentation and chunk…
Descriptors: Infants, Probability, Learning Processes, Pattern Recognition
Reynolds, Greg D.; Guy, Maggie W.; Zhang, Dantong – Infancy, 2011
Past studies have identified individual differences in infant visual attention based upon peak look duration during initial exposure to a stimulus. Colombo and colleagues found that infants that demonstrate brief visual fixations (i.e., short lookers) during familiarization are more likely to demonstrate evidence of recognition memory during…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Attention, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Infants
Bradshaw, Jessica; Shic, Frederick; Chawarska, Katarzyna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
This study used eyetracking to investigate the ability of young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to recognize social (faces) and nonsocial (simple objects and complex block patterns) stimuli using the visual paired comparison (VPC) paradigm. Typically developing (TD) children showed evidence for recognition of faces and simple…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Autism, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Young Children
Yan, Xiaodan; Zhang, Jiaxing; Gong, Qiyong; Weng, Xuchu – Brain and Cognition, 2011
With an increasing population living at a high altitude (HA), the impact of HA residence on human cognitive function has raised concerns. We recruited two groups of college students with one group born and grew up at HA until early adulthood and the control group born and grew up at near sea level (SL); the two groups were matched at age, gender…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Reaction Time, Physiology, Short Term Memory
Tompkins, Tanya L.; Hockett, Ashlee R.; Abraibesh, Nadia; Witt, Jody L. – Journal of Adolescence, 2011
Co-rumination, defined as repetitive, problem-focused talk explains higher levels of friendship quality in youth (Rose, 2002) and increased levels of anxiety/depression in females. Middle adolescents (N = 146) participated in a study of co-rumination, individual coping, externalizing/internalizing problems, and peer functioning. Consistent with…
Descriptors: Aggression, Friendship, Coping, Depression (Psychology)
Hu, Zhiguo; Wang, Wenjing; Liu, Hongyan; Peng, Danling; Yang, Yanhui; Li, Kuncheng; Zhang, John X.; Ding, Guosheng – Brain and Language, 2011
Effective literacy education in deaf students calls for psycholinguistic research revealing the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying their written language processing. When learning a written language, deaf students are often instructed to sign out printed text. The present fMRI study was intended to reveal the neural substrates associated…
Descriptors: Printed Materials, Written Language, Sign Language, Deafness
Gao, Lingyun; Rogers, W. Todd – Language Testing, 2011
The purpose of this study was to explore whether the results of Tree Based Regression (TBR) analyses, informed by a validated cognitive model, would enhance the interpretation of item difficulties in terms of the cognitive processes involved in answering the reading items included in two forms of the Michigan English Language Assessment Battery…
Descriptors: Test Items, Reading Tests, Item Analysis, Reading Processes
Florit, Elena; Roch, Maja; Levorato, M. Chiara – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
According to multicomponent models (Oakhill & Cain, 2007a), text comprehension is a complex process that requires the processing of explicit (i.e., information presented in the text) and implicit information (i.e., information inferable from the text or from previous knowledge), and involves various components. This study investigated (a)…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Reader Text Relationship, Comprehension
de Bilde, Jerissa; Vansteenkiste, Maarten; Lens, Willy – Learning and Instruction, 2011
The present cross-sectional research examined a process underlying the positive association between holding an extended future time perspective (FTP) and learning outcomes through the lens of self-determination theory. High school students and university students (N = 275) participated in the study. It was found that students with an extended FTP…
Descriptors: Student Motivation, Time Perspective, Anxiety, Metacognition
Floyd, Melissa; Gruber, Kenneth J. – Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 2011
This study explored the attitudes of 147 undergraduate social work majors to working with difficult families. Students indicated which problems (from a list of 42, including hot topics such as homosexuality, transgender issues, abortion, and substance abuse) they believed they would find most difficult to work with and provided information…
Descriptors: Majors (Students), Family Problems, Substance Abuse, Student Attitudes
Padilla-Walker, Laura M.; Hardy, Sam A.; Christensen, Katherine J. – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2011
This study examines adolescent hope as a mediator between connectedness to mother and father, and positive and negative child outcomes. Participants included 489 adolescents aged 9 to 14 years (M = 11.29; SD = 1.01) and their parents from the "Flourishing Families Project", and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results…
Descriptors: Prosocial Behavior, Intervention, Mothers, Structural Equation Models
Owens, Kay; Paraides, Patricia; Nutti, Ylva Jannok; Johansson, Gunilla; Bennet, Maria; Doolan, Pat; Peckham, Ray; Hill, John; Doolan, Frank; O'Sullivan, Dominic; Murray, Libbey; Logan, Patricia; McNair, Melissa; Sunnari, Vappu; Murray, Beatrice; Miller, Alissa; Nolan, John; Simpson, Alca; Ohrin, Christine; Doolan, Terry; Doolan, Michelle; Taylor, Paul – Mathematics Education Research Journal, 2011
As a result of a number of government reports, there have been numerous systemic changes in Indigenous education in Australia revolving around the importance of partnerships with the community. A forum with our local Dubbo community established the importance of working together and developed a model which placed the child in an ecological…
Descriptors: Critical Theory, Mathematics Education, Foreign Countries, Indigenous Populations
Perrault, S. T. – Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 2011
The author integrates work from cognitive and developmental psychology with studies in writing in order to explain why the quality of student writing sometimes appears to regress to earlier or less proficient levels. Insights from this combined analysis are applied to explain how and why to use specific Writing Across the Curriculum strategies to…
Descriptors: Writing Across the Curriculum, Developmental Psychology, Student Writing Models, Writing Instruction
Batterink, Laura; Neville, Helen – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
The vast majority of word meanings are learned simply by extracting them from context rather than by rote memorization or explicit instruction. Although this skill is remarkable, little is known about the brain mechanisms involved. In the present study, ERPs were recorded as participants read stories in which pseudowords were presented multiple…
Descriptors: Priming, Evidence, Story Reading, Word Recognition
