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Direct linkNewcombe, Nora S.; Stieff, Mike – International Journal of Science Education, 2012
Visualizations are an increasingly important part of scientific education and discovery. However, users often do not gain knowledge from them in a complete or efficient way. This article aims to direct research on visualizations in science education in productive directions by reviewing the evidence for widespread assumptions that learning styles,…
Descriptors: Science Education, Visualization, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Style
Lewandowsky, Stephan; Yang, Lee-Xieng; Newell, Ben R.; Kalish, Michael L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
Working memory is crucial for many higher level cognitive functions, ranging from mental arithmetic to reasoning and problem solving. Likewise, the ability to learn and categorize novel concepts forms an indispensable part of human cognition. However, very little is known about the relationship between working memory and categorization. This…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Classification, Structural Equation Models, Short Term Memory
Soderqvist, Stina; Bergman Nutley, Sissela; Peyrard-Janvid, Myriam; Matsson, Hans; Humphreys, Keith; Kere, Juha; Klingberg, Torkel – Developmental Psychology, 2012
Cognitive deficits and particularly deficits in working memory (WM) capacity are common features in neuropsychiatric disorders. Understanding the underlying mechanisms through which WM capacity can be improved is therefore of great importance. Several lines of research indicate that dopamine plays an important role not only in WM function but also…
Descriptors: Evidence, Etiology, Short Term Memory, Attention Deficit Disorders
Tomasino, Barbara; Ceschia, Martina; Fabbro, Franco; Skrap, Miran – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
The role that human motor areas play in linguistic processing is the subject of a stimulating debate. Data from nine neurosurgical patients with selective lesions of the precentral and postcentral sulcus could provide a direct answer as to whether motor area activation is necessary for action word processing. Action-related verbs (face-, hand-,…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Cognitive Processes, Patients, Verbs
Mandler, Jean M. – Cognitive Science, 2012
A theory of how concept formation begins is presented that accounts for conceptual activity in the first year of life, shows how increasing conceptual complexity comes about, and predicts the order in which new types of information accrue to the conceptual system. In a compromise between nativist and empiricist views, it offers a single…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Theories, Cognitive Processes, Attention
Download full textHsu, Jenq-Muh; Chang, Ting-Wen; Yu, Pao-Ta – Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology - TOJET, 2012
The teaching and learning environment in a traditional classroom typically includes a projection screen, a projector, and a computer within a digital interactive table. Instructors may apply multimedia learning materials using various information communication technologies to increase interaction effects. However, a single screen only displays a…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Instruction, Multimedia Instruction, Computer Science Education, Programming Languages
Dundas, Eva; Gastgeb, Holly; Strauss, Mark S. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
While it is well-known that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties processing faces, very little is known about the origins of these deficits. The current study focused on 6- and 11-month-old infants who were at either high-risk (n = 43) or low-risk (n = 31) for developing ASD based on having a sibling already diagnosed…
Descriptors: Human Body, Autism, Infants, Visual Perception
de Boer, Anke; Timmerman, Marieke; Pijl, Sip Jan; Minnaert, Alexander – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2012
In many countries, there has been a development towards the inclusion of students with special educational needs in regular education. Over the past decade, this has resulted in an increased interest in attitudes towards this educational change of those directly involved. This current study aims at the development, psychometric evaluation, and…
Descriptors: Inclusion, Questionnaires, Educational Change, Psychometrics
Banaschewski, Tobias; Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine; Brandeis, Daniel; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Kuntsi, Jonna; Poustka, Luise; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.; Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Albrecht, Bjorn; Chen, Wai; Uebel, Henrik; Schlotz, Wolff; van der Meere, Jaap J.; Gill, Michael; Manor, Iris; Miranda, Ana; Mulas, Fernando; Oades, Robert D.; Roeyers, Herbert; Rothenberger, Aribert; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Siblings, Severity (of Disability), Patients
Felmingham, Kim L.; Bryant, Richard A. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2012
Objective: To examine potential differential responses in men and women to cognitive behavior therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: Fifty-two men and 56 women diagnosed with PTSD participated in randomized controlled trials of cognitive behavior therapy for PTSD. Participants were randomly allocated to either (a) exposure-only…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Therapy, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Cognitive Restructuring
Krettenauer, Tobias – New Directions for Youth Development, 2012
This article addresses the question of why the emotions children and adolescents anticipate in the context of hypothetical scenarios have been repeatedly found to predict actual (im)moral behavior. It argues that a common motivational account of this relationship is insufficient. Instead, three links are proposed that connect cognitive…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Emotional Response, Moral Development, Ethical Instruction
Rachlin, Howard – Behavior Analyst, 2012
This essay uses the recent victory of an IBM computer (Watson) in the TV game, "Jeopardy," to speculate on the abilities Watson would need, in addition to those it has, to be human. The essay's basic premise is that to be human is to behave as humans behave and to function in society as humans function. Alternatives to this premise are considered…
Descriptors: Television, Programming (Broadcast), Games, Questioning Techniques
Inzlicht, Michael; Al-Khindi, Timour – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2012
Performance monitoring in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has largely been viewed as a cognitive, computational process devoid of emotion. A growing body of research, however, suggests that performance is moderated by motivational engagement and that a signal generated by the ACC, the error-related negativity (ERN), may partially reflect a…
Descriptors: Cues, Arousal Patterns, Motivation, Correlation
Alloway, Tracy Packiam – Educational Research and Reviews, 2012
Working memory, ability to remember and manipulate information, is crucial to academic attainment. The aim of the present study was to understand teachers' perception of working memory and how it impacts classroom behaviour. A semi-structured interview was used to explore teachers' ability to define working memory, identify these difficulties in…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Student Behavior, Teacher Attitudes, Cognitive Processes
Yoshida, Katherine; Rhemtulla, Mijke; Vouloumanos, Athena – Cognitive Science, 2012
The roles of linguistic, cognitive, and social-pragmatic processes in word learning are well established. If statistical mechanisms also contribute to word learning, they must interact with these processes; however, there exists little evidence for such mechanistic synergy. Adults use co-occurrence statistics to encode speech-object pairings with…
Descriptors: Evidence, Infants, Reading Difficulties, Cognitive Processes
