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Peer reviewed
Direct linkReel, Leigh Ann; Hicks, Candace Bourland – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2012
Purpose: The authors assessed adult selective auditory attention to determine effects of (a) differences between the vocal/speaking characteristics of different mixed-gender pairs of masking talkers and (b) the rhythmic structure of the language of the competing speech. Method: Reception thresholds for English sentences were measured for 50…
Descriptors: Sentences, Speech Communication, Syllables, Monolingualism
Download full textRosenshine, Barak – American Educator, 2012
This article presents 10 research-based principles of instruction, along with suggestions for classroom practice. These principles come from three sources: (a) research in cognitive science, (b) research on master teachers, and (c) research on cognitive supports. Each is briefly explained in this article. Even though these are three very different…
Descriptors: Instructional Design, Cognitive Psychology, Master Teachers, Change Strategies
Buric, Irena; Soric, Izabela – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships amongst students' test emotions of hope and hopelessness, their antecedents of cognitive control and value appraisals and volitional strategies during learning, as well as their effects on academic achievement in the domain of mathematics, using the control-value theoretical framework. Sample…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Student Motivation, Metacognition, Correlation
Cooper, Jeffrey C.; Dunne, Simon; Furey, Teresa; O'Doherty, John P. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
The dorsal striatum plays a key role in the learning and expression of instrumental reward associations that are acquired through direct experience. However, not all learning about instrumental actions require direct experience. Instead, humans and other animals are also capable of acquiring instrumental actions by observing the experiences of…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Operant Conditioning, Observational Learning, Prediction
Rahko, Jukka S.; Paakki, Jyri-Johan; Starck, Tuomo H.; Nikkinen, Juha; Pauls, David L.; Katsyri, Jari V.; Jansson-Verkasalo, Eira M.; Carter, Alice S.; Hurtig, Tuula M.; Mattila, Marja-Leena; Jussila, Katja K.; Remes, Jukka J.; Kuusikko-Gauffin, Sanna A.; Sams, Mikko E.; Bolte, Sven; Ebeling, Hanna E.; Moilanen, Irma K.; Tervonen, Osmo; Kiviniemi, Vesa – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
FMRI was performed with the dynamic facial expressions fear and happiness. This was done to detect differences in valence processing between 25 subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and 27 typically developing controls. Valence scaling was abnormal in ASDs. Positive valence induces lower deactivation and abnormally strong activity in ASD…
Descriptors: Autism, Scaling, Diagnostic Tests, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Vandenberg, Anna E.; Price, Anna E.; Friedman, Daniela B.; Marchman, Graham; Anderson, Lynda A. – Gerontologist, 2012
Purpose of the Study: We examined messages that the websites of the top cable news companies (MSNBC, FOX, and CNN) conveyed about cognition between January 2007 and March 2010. Drawing on agenda-setting theory, this work assessed the frequency, prominence, and attributes of cognitive topics in messages targeting an aging audience. Design and…
Descriptors: News Media, Web Sites, Journalism, Aging (Individuals)
Gabay, Shai; Chica, Ana B.; Charras, Pom; Funes, Maria J.; Henik, Avishai – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
Inhibition of return (IOR) is modulated by task set and appears later in discrimination tasks than in detection tasks. Several hypotheses have been suggested to account for this difference. We tested three of these hypotheses in two experiments by examining the influence of cue and target level of processing on the onset of IOR. In the first…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Visual Discrimination, Visual Stimuli, Inhibition
Dodonova, Yulia A.; Dodonov, Yury S. – Intelligence, 2012
The relationships between processing speed, intelligence, and school achievement were analyzed on a sample of 184 Russian 16-year-old students. Two speeded tasks required the discrimination of simple geometrical shapes and the recognition of the presented meaningless figures. Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices and the verbal subtests of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Intelligence, Academic Achievement, Adolescents
Nemirovsky, Ricardo; Rasmussen, Chris; Sweeney, George; Wawro, Megan – Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2012
In this article we contribute a perspective on mathematical embodied cognition consistent with a phenomenological understanding of perception and body motion. It is based on the analysis of 4 selected episodes in 1 session of an undergraduate mathematics class. The theme of this particular class session was the geometric interpretation of the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Mathematics Education, Perception, Mobility
Kraus, Nina – Journal of Communication Disorders, 2012
Auditory-based communication skills are developed at a young age and are maintained throughout our lives. However, some individuals--both young and old--encounter difficulties in achieving or maintaining communication proficiency. Biological signals arising from hearing sounds relate to real-life communication skills such as listening to speech in…
Descriptors: Memory, Auditory Training, Computer Software, Music Education
Moul, Caroline; Killcross, Simon; Dadds, Mark R. – Psychological Review, 2012
This article introduces a novel hypothesis regarding amygdala function in psychopathy. The first part of this article introduces the concept of psychopathy and describes the main cognitive and affective impairments demonstrated by this population; that is, a deficit in fear-recognition, lower conditioned fear responses and poor performance in…
Descriptors: Fear, Comparative Analysis, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Psychopathology
Johnson, Cheryl I.; Mayer, Richard E. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2012
In three studies, eye movements of participants were recorded while they viewed a single-slide multimedia presentation about how car brakes work. Some of the participants saw an integrated presentation in which each segment of words was presented near its corresponding area of the diagram (integrated group, Experiments 1 and 3) or an integrated…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Literary Genres, Human Body, Scores
Frank, Brian W.; Scherr, Rachel E. – Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 2012
Research in student knowledge and learning of science has typically focused on explaining conceptual change. Recent research, however, documents the great degree to which student thinking is dynamic and context-sensitive, implicitly calling for explanations not only of change but also of stability. In other words, when a pattern of student…
Descriptors: Physics, Concept Formation, Comprehension, College Students
Cuetos, Fernando; Samartino, Tamara; Ellis, Andrew W. – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2012
Age of acquisition is possibly the single most potent variable affecting lexical access. It is also a variable that determines the retention or loss of words in patients who have suffered brain injury, and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. But the norms of age of acquisition currently available have largely been obtained from university…
Descriptors: Alzheimers Disease, Diseases, Young Adults, Older Adults
Olive, Thierry; Passerault, Jean-Michel – Written Communication, 2012
The authors suggest that writing should be conceived of not only as a verbal activity but also as a visuospatial activity, in which writers process and construct visuospatial mental representations. After briefly describing research on visuospatial cognition, they look at how cognitive researchers have investigated the visuospatial dimension of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Writing (Composition), Writing Processes
