Black, White, and Hispanic medical students are compared in terms of their social supports and personality resources and mental health status when they entered medical school and after a year of training. When entering school, minority students reported greater social supports, higher self-esteem, lower anxiety, and more internal locus of control.…

A study examined differences in the clinical teaching of 21 medical residents and 19 attending physicians in 2 settings: inpatient care and lectures. Results indicated that ratings were generally similar for the two groups, but setting was a significant source of variance. Self-assessments were similar. Implications for instruction are discussed.…

Compares the Jewish-African American conflicts of the 1960s with Korean-African American tensions of the 1980s and 1990s. Both relationships reflect a fundamental issue of economic exploitation of African-American residents by Jewish and Korean merchants. Class is another major element of interethnic relations. (SLD)

Data from 95 educationally disadvantaged Hong Kong students placed in mastery-learning classes were compared with 64 control students in expository-learning classes. Results indicate that under mastery learning, deep- and surface-biased learners increasingly diverge in performance and attitude, with surface learners doing better unit to unit, and…

Assessments of 41 mentally ill adults (consumers of mental health services) of their level of functioning were compared with assessments by family members and mental health services case managers. Moderate correlations are found among the perspectives, and the relevance of the three perspectives for community-based service provision is discussed.…

Evaluates gender differences in the relation between stressful life events and adjustment among elementary school children, using 63 Israeli children and parallel questionnaires from 83 Israeli mothers. Life events are associated among boys, but not girls, with increased anxiety and heightened withdrawal. Other differences are discussed. (SLD)

Examines the impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) training on 129 secondary school professionals. Training focused on adolescents and homosexuality. Results indicate the trained professionals increased knowledge and tolerance, exhibited constructive behaviors, and were more likely to teach about…

Evaluates the effects of a combined health-related curriculum and inservice program on quality and quantity of elementary school physical education lessons. Findings from observations of 28 fourth-grade classes showed positive results in student activity engagement, lesson context, and active instructional behavior. (GLR)

Studies the psychological relevance of individualistic-collectivistic value orientations for personal motivation among 341 Belgian youth and 309 Turkish youth, in Istanbul, and 100 Turkish and 140 Belgian youth, in a second Belgian city. Results support the importance of a modern urban context in individualism and collectivism. (SLD)

Describes a study that investigated the effects of visual display within a college computer-based learning program that taught computer programming language through analogies. Three types of visual displays (text, static graphics, and animation) are compared, and assessment measures that included posttests and attitude questionnaires are…

Two studies examined fathers of preschool boys with and without clinic-referred behavior problems. Found that clinic fathers differed from fathers of matched comparisons on life stress, psychological symptoms, parenting attitudes, positive involvement, and harsh discipline. Harsh discipline contributed uniquely to clinic status. Teacher, mother,…

Discusses computer simulations in science education and presents the results of a study of 39 ninth-grade earth-science students to determine the effects of computer-simulated mineral identification activities on test performance. Results indicated no difference in test scores between the group using real minerals and the group using a computer…

Discusses, in the context of second-language learning, the definition of collocations in English and major approaches to linguistic description of prefabricated language. Presents data from a study comparing use of specific lexical collocations (phrases) by native speakers (based on existing language corpus) and learners of English (data drawn…

Discusses a 1994 General Accounting Office report showing the United States will have to spend approximately $111 billion to repair or upgrade its public schools to "good" condition. Discussed are areas seen as problems with the condition of U.S. schools and what is needed to improve them. The costs of maintenance deferment in colleges…

Examines musical responsiveness in children in grades 2, 5, 8 and 11-12, and trainable mentally handicapped students to different performance media. Finds that lower and higher grades rated all performances more positively than did middle grades, and instrumental music was preferred across all grades; no results were obtainable for handicapped…