PAPERS PRESENTED AT A 1957 CONFERENCE ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF CREATIVE SCIENTIFIC TALENT ARE INCLUDED IN THIS REPORT. RESEARCH STUDIES AND POSITION PAPERS DEAL WITH THE NATURE, MEASUREMENT, AND ENCOURAGEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY. STUDIES THAT EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN (1) UNDERGRADUATE GRADES AND RESEARCH ABILITY, (2) COMMUNICATIONS…

CERTIFIED SCHOOL COUNSELORS WERE ASSIGNED TO TWO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS TO DEVELOP, USE, AND TEST VOCATIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL MATERIALS. ASPIRATION LEVELS OF STUDENTS IN ONE CLASS EACH IN THE SECOND, FOURTH, AND SIXTH GRADES IN EACH SCHOOL WERE ALSO EXPLORED AND RELATED TO OCCUPATIONAL POTENTIAL. METHODS OF USING OCCUPATIONAL MATERIALS EFFECTIVELY…

How standardized achievement and mental ability tests are used in the schools, and what parents and teachers think about such testing, were investigated. Guided inventories were administered to 207 teachers from 10 schools and to 223 parents from 12 Parent-Teacher Association groups. Intensive individual interviews were conducted with 15 testing…

A study was conducted using a longitudinal, multivariate, multimethod approach to determine the effects of parent education programs on black mothers and children from lower socioeconomic status backgrounds. Black infants from lower status communities, ages 22-41 months, were evaluated during the early intervention study. Instruments used included…

This paper describes the Parent Child Development Center (PCDC) model and related experimental programs at Birmingham, Houston and New Orleans and summarizes findings from data gathered during the first five years of program operation. Preliminary findings from data collected after 1975 are also reported. All PCDC programs share several common…

The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to investigate the appropriateness of Piagetian tasks for a comparative assessment of the cognitive development of rural and semi-urban Senegalese youth; and (2) to determine relationships among selected social and environmental factors affecting Senegalese youth. Fifty semi-urban and 50 rural area…

This annotated bibliography developed in connection with an ongoing investigation of the use of computer simulations for fault diagnosis training cites 61 published works taken predominantly from the disciplines of engineering, psychology, and education. A review of the existing literature included computer searches of the past ten years of…

The influences of personal, socioeconomic, and sibling characteristics on the sex-role differentiation of preschool children were investigated. Subjects included 446 lower- and middle-income boys and girls ranging in age from 3 to 5 years. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test was administered to each child to obtain a measure of IQ. Information…

The purpose of this study is to understand how parental attitudes affect the development of children at risk for psychosocial retardation. The investigation employs measures of maternal attitudes toward self, toward parenting, toward the child, a measure of the quality of the home environment, and measures of children's self-concept, school…

Four topics were emphasized during this conference on testing problems: (1) the selection of appropriate score scales for tests; (2) the experimental approach to the measurement of human motivation; (3) trends in public opinion polling since 1948 and their probable effects on predictions of the 1952 election; and (4) techniques for developing…

This study explores the effectiveness of using graphic illustrations with written text in promoting learning in social studies by junior high students. Two groups of experimental reading materials, one group composed of three narratives with related graphic illustrations and the other composed of three narratives alone, were prepared and…

Investigated were factors influencing science achievement at the college level of 1,191 students who graduated from 12 midwestern high schools in 1963. Factors investigated included interest, intelligence, high school achievement, and family background. Data sources included secondary school standardized tests, college transcripts, Kuder…

In a study on cognitive style, reflectivity-impulsivity in response to task uncertainty was investigaged. At 44 months of age, 23 boys and 25 girls were tested on a matching-figures test. Correlations were made between number of errors, response time, intelligence, and sex. Results indicated that there were significant sex differences in preschool…

In a prekindergarten program in the economically disadvantaged area of Harlem, the teacher, curriculum, daily activities, behavior, school, and parents of the 15 enrolled children were studied. Evaluations emphasized the outcomes of learning rather than the social, emotional, and intellectual processes of learning. The following conclusions were…

A study was conducted to determine if the observed changes in Head Start children were related to the practice effects inherent in a test-retest situation. The "control" group consisted of 64 children who had been eligible for a Head Start program. They roughly matched a group of Head Start (HS) children in IQ scores, age, and…