This paper explores the role and history of systems theory and thinking in the fields of instructional/educational technology and design. The foundations of ID/ET as fields are rich in behavioral, systematic, and positivist notions of process, but we assert that it is weaker in the reflective, thoughtful, deep and meaningful orientations. Woven…

Intrapreneurship competence, as one of the main twenty-first century skills, has moved into focus, as it enables benefits for both organizations and individuals. To foster associated competencies and enable tailor-made instruction, teachers need knowledge not only about what their students can do but also about which errors are typically made…

The literature on the uses of gamification in education is increasingly popularizing the implementation of game elements in nongame environments, but the scholarship tends to remain theoretical and lacks a focus on practical application for educators seeking to utilize gamified methods. This article focuses on the design and implementation of…

Numerous studies have shown that learning is enhanced when students show interest in the subject matter. However, educators continue to grapple with the challenges, or simply do not recognize their potential roles, in the development of students' academic interest and interest in learning in general. This conceptual paper is written under the…

Well-designed instructional programs seamlessly promote human performance. Students are often unaware of countless iterations of formative evaluation completed to improve effectiveness, efficiency, motivation, and flow of that instructional design. This paper examines one research-based, comprehensive, systematic evaluation approach as applied by…

This paper presents a model for developing research questions that are aligned to research aims for research design in e-learning. The model is proposed as a solution to the on-going problem of heterogeneity of research problems. The model is based on Burrell and Morgan's four social paradigms, and integrates four research aims, namely, explore,…

Online learning is common in higher education, but has its drawbacks. As a result, blended learning (BL) has emerged as an alternative to alleviate the challenges of online learning. The purpose of this design-based research study was to determine what elements were needed to assist a higher education instructor inexperienced in designing and…

Q methodology provides a unique mixed-methods means of examining subjectivity through the use of an activity called a Q sort in which participants must sort a list of given items within a predetermined sorting form. Although Q methodology has a long history as a research tool, its use as an instructional tool has not been extensively explored.…

By adopting a situated and interactional approach, we explore students' immersive VR experiences as resources for collaborative meaning making and learning. We draw on data from a project in which teachers and researchers co-developed a learning design for upper secondary students involving immersive VR technology. In this learning design,…

Data-based decision-making is a well-established field of research in education. In particular, the potential of data use for addressing heterogeneous learning needs is emphasized. With data collected during the learning process of students, teachers gain insight into the performance, strengths, and weaknesses of their students and are potentially…

In Canada, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission highlights our roles as educators to reflect Indigenous cultures and knowledges in post-secondary teaching and learning. Developing an inclusive definition of experiential learning in consultation with Indigenous scholars is essential. This newly revised experiential learning framework represents…

Background: When watching educational online videos, learners need to determine whether the videos' contents are suitable for learning. Whereas this may induce metacognitive monitoring processes, it may also distract learners from the learning materials. Objectives: In the current set of experiments, we investigated whether asking participants to…

This comprehensive systematic review synthesizes thirty-four peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2022, utilizing eye-tracking research within interactive language learning environments. Following the PRISMA scheme for article selection, this review illuminates both the affordances and challenges of eye-tracking technology in…

The biological concept has a broad scope and requires the visualisation of bioprocesses to provide complex understanding. Learning media can help visualise bioprocesses to enhance students' cognitive abilities. The study aimed to develop, test the practicality, and test the effectiveness of video animation in improving grade XI high school…

This study aims to establish a knowledge base on how to support students in learning. We develop an initial hypothetical learning trajectory by formulating learning activities and predicting the development of students' thinking and understanding. The methodological framework employed in this study is design research, which seeks to generate…