The 1908 publication of "A Mind That Found Itself" by Clifford Beers initiated the mental hygiene movement and a concern for the prevention of mental disorders. Primary prevention movements of the early 1900's recognized the need to deinstitutionalize mental health by bringing services and intervention to the community, recognized the influences…

This report presents the results of a project designed to assist the Department of Education, Office of Libraries and Learning Technologies (OLLT), and the wider community serves to identify research priorities for the 1980s in the field of library and information science. The rationale for establishing a national research agenda for the 1980s is…

Two essays and two commentaries on leadership in higher education in the 1980s are presented. In "Education Administrators and Professionals," Chris Argyris considers the decline of public confidence in institutions and professionals by elaborating the concepts of single-loop (detecting and correcting error without altering underlying…

The contributions that women's studies programs can make to the liberal arts curriculum are considered in an essay, and descriptions of women's studies programs are presented. In the essay, "The Study of Women: Implications for Reconstructing the Liberal Arts Disciplines," Peggy McIntosh advocates a reexamination of the content and…

Among the variables contributing to the therapeutic relationship between counselor and client, empathy has received much attention in counseling process research. Most of this research has relied on brief segments as a sampling unit; seldom have these segments been compared with entire counseling sessions. Segments of sessions and entire sessions…

Research findings concerning the relationship of grade retention to the self-concepts and academic achievement of middle and junior high school students, and to school promotion standards are examined. The few studies conducted in this area of research seem to indicate that (1) failure to be promoted to a higher grade is related to children's…

An extensive discussion of current problems in preschool education provision in the European community is provided and supplemented by working papers and reports from a colloquium examining the needs of European preschool children and preschool program design. After a broad description of the general features of preschool education as it has…

This executive summary presents specific proposals to improve maternal and child health conditions in the United States. Contents of the summary are organized in 13 chapters. Five overriding concerns in the areas of health and health care are identified in Chapter One. Chapter Two focuses on the reduction of environmental risks; Chapter Three…

The purpose of phase 3 of Project IMPACT (a project to assess the impact of vocational education research and development on vocational education programs in Illinois) was to review, further conceptualize, and refine the impact assessment system for vocational education research and development efforts proposed during fiscal 1989. The following…

The study reported here was conducted in order to discover and identify ways in which microcomputers are now being used in schools, and the complex issues which surround their implementation. The purpose of the study was to assist the National Institute of Education in setting priorities for research in the area of new technology and education.…

Perspectives on interdisciplinary research are considered in terms of project planning, the choice of problem-solving approach, the research field, project organization, informal organization, and integration of knowledge. Interdisciplinary studies were investigaged through following a number of research projects by means of field trips,…

This four-chapter survey of research on the incentives for "knowledge utilization"--defined as the adoption and use of new information, products, and practices in education-- focuses on incentives inside and outside of schools and on the need, in studying incentives, to take educators' perspectives, sensibilities, and aspirations into…

One of 10 studies commissioned to investigate research needs and to stimulate planning activities, this paper concerns the structures, processes, interrelationships, governance, finance, and workforces of institutions and organizations as they are engaged in international and second language education. After noting the field of instruction and…

This seven-part report presents a recommended plan for state-wide evaluation of the Extended Opportunity Programs and Services (EOPS) program in the California Community College System. Chapter I describes the procedures used by Educational Evaluation Associates in devising the plan, discusses the role played by evaluation study groups,…

In this paper the author assesses the state-of-the-art on quality assessment and monitoring of medical care and makes recommendations for needed research in this area. Following a brief introduction, the content is presented in two sections. The first, providing a frame of reference, covers definitions; quality assessment and program evaluation;…