The minimal comprehension principle asserts that the act of comprehension must entail an interaction between an incoming linguistic message and the reader's world knowledge. An analysis of current tests of reading comprehension indicates that test passages are likely to draw broadly from knowledge of the world, so that some of the variability in…

In response to an earlier symposium report, this journal presents six position papers dealing with the question, "What criteria should be used to judge the admissibility of evidence to support theoretical propositions regarding communication research?" The analyses and arguments include "The Research Process" by Wayne Brockriede, "The Reflexivity…

A compilation of more than 300 studies completed since 1970 is presented in an effort to determine and analyze the topical areas that have interested foreign language researchers, the designs and methodologies they have utilized, and the educational milieu in which research is being done. A review was made of a number of studies that have appeared…

Successful reading is a complex, interactive process in which the reader's experience and information are as important to comprehension as the content of the printed page. This article describes several reading processes, discusses the problems involved for the beginning reader, and indicates some implications for reading instruction. Five…

This article provides a tutorial introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) research for those involved in Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI). The general theme is that much of the current work in AI, particularly in the areas of natural language understanding systems, rule induction, programming languages, and socratic systems, has important…

The task group report presented in this publication is one of a series prepared by eminent psychologists who have served as consultants in the U.S. Office of Education-sponsored grant study to conduct a Critical Appraisal of the Personality-Emotions-Motivation Domain. In order to achieve the goal of identifying important problems and areas for new…

This task group report is one of a series prepared by eminent psychologists who have served as consultants in the U.S.O.E.-sponsored grant study to conduct a Critical Appraisal of the Personality-Emotions-Motivation Domain. In order to achieve the goal of identifying important problems and areas for new research and methodological issues related…

This text is the first in a series of handbook providing methodology information for drug program planners and administrators. This handbook is designed to address the private sector need for assistance in their consideration of methods, techniques and approaches necessary for effective local program implementation and evaluation. The first…

During the hearings of the Subcommittee on Migratory Labor, various statements prepared for the Subcommittee on Monopoly of the Senate Select Committee on Small Business hearing on the role of giant corporations in the American and world economies were included. This appendix includes some of those statements. The statements given cover: (1)…

A review of expert opinion and recent literature on the critical issues and open questions relating to the economics of the scientific and technical information industry shows that there is hardly an area that does not call for more and better research--yet the need is not nearly so much for quantity as for a more coherent and meaningful pattern.…

This paper points out the irrelevance of the sentence-based grammatical explanations found in most grammar reference books and ESL textbooks with regard to answering questions such as: (1) when and why do native speakers of English use the passive rather than the active voice, and (2) when and why does the native speaker of English use the present…

A non-profit, non-partisan educational organization, the League of United Latin American Citizens National Education Service Centers (LNESC) is engaged in the field of higher education, with primary emphasis on Hispanic Americans. One of LNESC's objectives is to make institutions of higher education, foundations, corporations, and Federal agencies…

This study addresses itself to two questions. The first is to ascertain what, if any, social background and attitudinal differences differentiate women making traditional from nontraditional occupational choices in the semi-skilled and blue-collar occupations. A second issue relates to the relative effectiveness of various kinds of training…

Social psychological research in education has focused mainly on the investigation of those variables that may influence academic achievement. However, the school functions as an agent of socialization, and, therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that social reactions should also be investigated as an outcome of the schooling process. The…

This paper reviews some of the research findings relating to the issue of personalism versus situationism in the psychology of personality. The recurrent controversy regarding the relative importance of situations, personal dispositions, and interactions between these is addressed with a focus on the manner in which persons perceive, construe, and…