The concept of treatment integrity cuts across a diversity of fields involved with providing treatments or interventions to individuals. In medical treatments, the concept of "treatment compliance" or "treatment adherence" is an important and problematic issue. In the field of nutrition, the concept of "dietary adherence" is important for…

This paper discuses a "basic" writing pilot program using portfolio-based instruction in two-year college English courses at the St. Louis Community College at Forest Park (Missouri). The first section of the paper offers a comprehensive overview of the benefits of portfolio-based instruction to students, teachers, and the…

This paper investigates existing research about the strengths and weakness of current family literacy programs and presents a 98-item list of family literacy activities across the curricula for adult educators to promote intergenerational literacy. Educational experts feel that family literacy programs need more evaluation, and that the…

This paper reviews the literature and presents a bibliography on the situation of people with mental retardation in Bangladesh. It begins with a review of the history of mental retardation in East Bengal, India (now Bangladesh) from the 1770s onwards but focuses on the development of disability information and formal services since the creation of…

Technology education serves vocational and general education purposes at the same time. Education is embedded in culture, which is itself technologically constituted. The recognition of the centrality of technology to culture leads to an historical reflection about its role in everyday life. In contrast to stereotypical images of male-dominated…

This monograph maintains that qualitative methods in research are no longer alternatives, but accepted practice in many research institutions. Consequently, the purpose of this anthology is to continue the search into "the forms of things unknown" and to re-examine those that are known by offering examples of new waves in research, based…

A study examined the research base for public speaking instruction. Persuasive speaking, informative speaking, and audience analysis and adaptation in five introductory public speaking textbooks were examined. Four of the texts were selected because they have survived in the marketplace through multiple editions; the fifth book was selected…

This paper presents a critical review of literature concerning research with diagnosed populations who participated in outdoor learning experiences as part of psychiatric therapy. The paper proposes: (1) to clarify the definition of the psychotherapy related to adventure programs; (2) to develop specific training manuals that can be shared and…

After analysis of 88 studies of the antecedents and consequences of teacher efficacy, it was found that personal attributes and organizational characteristics were associated with higher teacher efficacy. There was consistent evidence that teacher efficacy influences teacher and student outcomes. Higher efficacy was associated with: being female,…

Little research on literacy learning in persons with developmental disabilities has been done. The little that does exist makes clear that some individuals with autism can, and do, learn to read. Adults and adolescents with cognitive impairments have received greater research attention than have others with developmental disabilities. Subjects…

A study explored how children make decisions to use radio. Thirty 8-9 year olds were interviewed in depth and 71 9-12 year olds filled out a questionnaire. Results indicated that children were capable of describing their radio listening behavior on a day-to-day basis, and that listening processes appeared to be similar to that reported in studies…

This paper examines the study and practice of academic fund raising, reviewing the major trends in both the scholarly and professional literature and summarizing recent research on the topic. It considers the history of academic fund raising, institutional advancement, and the psychology of giving, discussing research that looks at the social and…

Three areas of research (second language acquisition (SLA), foreign languages (FL), and foreign language learning (FLL) are examined briefly and distinguished, and their relationship is discussed. The definition of FLL is then considered in greater detail. It is proposed that as an area of inquiry, FLL is characterized by specific features of its…

The effort to strengthen the critical thinking skills of students in the last two decades has led to an abundance of instructional programs instituted across disciplines and integrated into core curricular requirements at United States colleges and universities. There is no theoretical consensus about what critical thinking is; neither is there a…

The interaction of emotion and cognition has received experimental attention, but the results have generally been weak and sometimes contradictory. Why this work on mood and memory has faltered is discussed, and a more holistic approach to the study of emotion and cognition is proposed. It is argued that a constructivist approach to memory may be…