Results from two experimental situations, risk taking and helping behavior, indicate that in the risk-taking experiment subjects who agreed to maintain confidentiality disclosed less frequently information when compared to control subjects. In the helping behavior study, no difference was found in frequency of disclosed information between…

Some of the controversy concerning the efficacy of psychotherapy or counseling has been resolved by recent evidence that studies reporting no effects had indiscriminately lumped together the high and low therapeutic conditions which are associated with successful and unsuccessful outcomes. The present study extends these findings to a group of…

In order to investigate the effects of vocational training on labor force participation and unemployment, the researchers compared an experimental group of Tennessee Area Vocational-Technical School (AVTS) graduates with an individually matched control group. On the basis of data collected by questionnaire, the report concluded that vocationally…

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that students who watch their fingers in the beginning weeks of typewriting instruction will develop better techniques as shown on tests of speed and accuracy at the end of the school year than student who watch only their copy in accordance with the conventional teaching method. The major…

This study investigated the common practice in infant research of eliminating from reported data large numbers of subjects who prove uncooperative (sleepy, fatigued, fussy) during the experiment. It was suggested that these excluded infants constitute a special class of subjects and that the inclusion of their data would greatly alter the research…

One of the most frequently encountered problems in educational research and evaluation is that of evaluating the effect of a treatment in settings over which the researcher or evaluator has little control. A strong plea is made for use of quasi-experimental designs in these situations and this research provides a method of testing the hypothesis…

This paper describes how to determine whether enough observations have been sampled to be reasonably certain that a correct decision will be made about how the difference between the means of an experimental and control group compares to a constant specified by the experimenter. Equal variances are not assumed. (Author/BW)

No significant difference was found between programed instructed and conventionally instructed groups in this study of industrial education students. (GB)

This study compared the effectiveness of techniques for teaching cognitive learning strategies. Training was found superior to simple instructions with: (1) the method of loci for serial recall learning; and (2) short-answer test on easy reading material, but not with difficult readings or multiple-choice tests. (Author/RD)

College students at two levels of cognitive ability were assigned to a rewarded or nonrewarded condition for group administration of creativity tests. Performance varied by group, task, and subject variables. The findings suggest that tangible incentives may have a detrimental effect on creativity in certain contexts. (Author/RD)

Six estimators of treatment effect when assignment to treatment groups is based on the covariate are compared in terms of empirical standard errors and percent relative bias. Results show that simple analysis of covariance estimator is not always appropriate. (Author/GK)

Special educators reading research articles are urged to pay attention to how subject populations of children with disabilities are selected and described. Researchers are urged to disregard educational "categories" of children and to select subjects who demonstrate the variable under study. (DB)

Methods for recording information derived from focus groups are described as follows: (1) transcribe the entire discussion from a tape; (2) expand reporter's notes by using a tape; and (3) work from reporter's notes only. Three approaches are also suggested for synthesizing the discussion into an accurate text. (SLD)

The difference in effect on power of restriction of range between treatments under experimental control and categories formed from examinee (individual differences) variables is discussed. Conditions under which there is loss or increase of power are explained. (SLD)