An activity sequence is described. Several aspects of a population problem are developed using isoperimetric graph paper and symmetry principles to derive general rules. (SD)

In defense of retaining the "latent trait theory" term, instead of replacing it with "item response theory" as some recent research would have it, the following objectives are outlined: (1) investigation of theory and method for estimating the operating characteristics of discrete item responses using a minimum number of…

The purpose of the present study was to examine the accuracy of indirect trait estimates, i.e., estimates of some primary trait obtained from a second measure which have been equated to the first. The California Achievement Test in Reading was the primary measure and the Prescriptive Reading Inventory was the indirect measure. Four kinds of…

In the methods and approaches developed for estimating the operating characteristics of the discrete item responses, the maximum likelihood estimate of the examinee based upon the "Old Test" has an important role. When Old Test does not provide a sufficient amount of test information for the upper and lower part of the ability interval,…

The objective of the Reactor Dynamics Module, RD-1, is to obtain the kinetics equation without feedback and solve the kinetics equations numerically for one to six delayed neutron groups for time varying reactivity insertions. The computer code FUMOKI (Fundamental Mode Kinetics) will calculate the power as a function of time for either uranium or…

The study reports a feasibility study for using Item Response Theory (IRT) as a means of equating the Test of Standard Written English (TSWE). The study focused on the possibility of pre-equating, that is, deriving the equating transformation prior to the final administration of the test. The three-parameter logistic model was postulated as the…

When several ability scales in item response models are separately derived from different test forms administered to different samples of examinees, these scales must be equated to a common scale because their units and origins are arbitrarily determined and generally different from scale to scale. A general method for equating logistic ability…

The assessment of the multitrait-multimethod matrix is placed in the context of generalizability theory for the purpose of demonstrating the convergent and discriminant validity of gender-related constructs. Once convergent validity is established with the traditional generalizability/reliability approach, a two-facet (traits and methods)…

The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between the unreliability of difference scores and the power of tests of significance in an attempt to determine the validity of the paradox for the measurement of change presented by Overall and Woodward: that the power of tests of significance is maximum when the reliability of the…

The purpose of this study is to present and illustrate the application of a general linear model for the analysis of test networks based on Rasch measurement models. Test networks can be used to vertically equate a set of tests which cover a wide range of difficulties. The criteria of coherence and consistency are proposed in order to assess the…

The use of two-stage least squares (2SLS) for the estimation of feedback linkages is inappropriate for nonorthogonal data sets because 2SLS is extremely sensitive to multicollinearity. It is argued that what is needed is use of a different estimating criterion than the least squares criterion. Theoretically the variance normalization criterion has…

In certain boundary layer or natural convection work, where a similarity transformation is valid, the equations can be reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. They are therefore well-suited to a fast solution on an analog/hybrid computer. This paper illustrates such usage of the analog/hybrid computer by a set of…

Path analysis is presented as a technique that can be used to test on a priori model based on a theoretical conceptualization involving a network of selected variables. This being an introductory source, no previous knowledge of path analysis is assumed, although some understanding of the fundamentals of multiple regression analysis might be…

Designed for educational planners and decision makers, this report describes the application of mathematical procedures to depict the relationship of elements within models which represent the flow of students through an educational system. The introductory section includes a discussion of the history of the use of planning models in education and…

This study investigated ways in which the costs of a library's direct and indirect services can be equitably allocated to its heterogeneous group of institution users. It was conducted from October 1, 1974 to March 31, 1977. The final report is divided into four parts, each describing a separate issue. Part I discusses the general administrative…