Asynchronous online learning is well documented with adults, but fewer studies of effectiveness have emphasized elementary education learning environments. This study investigated student achievement on the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) test for fifth grade students who had participated in synchronous and asynchronous courses…

This study examined the relationship between data use and achievement at 13 urban Title I schools. Using multiple methods, including test scores, district surveys, school transformation plans, and four case study site visits, the researchers found wide variation in the use of data to inform instruction and planning. In some cases, schools were …

This study investigates the relationship between creative personality composition, innovative team climate, and team innovation based on an input-process-output model. We measured personality with the Creative Person Profile, team climate with the Team Climate Inventory, and team innovation through team-member and supervisor reports of team…

This paper focuses on the effects of extra-curricular activity on graduates' transition from higher education to the labour market. The study is based on a survey of 119 graduates conducted in 2004 in the UK. The data gathered cover a large range of social and leisure activities that the graduates carried on while students at their universities.…

This study empirically investigates the effectiveness of Distributed Leadership Teacher Training (DLT) program on improving student's academic achievement. In addition, it both tests the assumption that the year 1 impacts are stable across calendar years and examines the importance of properly accounting for the fact that the standard error of the…

Many factors that contribute towards the perception of second language (L2) sounds and the subsequent establishment of L2 phonetic categories have been the focus of past research. However, learning a third language, unlike SLA, may be influenced by additional factors attributed to the presence of two language systems in a bilingual instead of one…

Monte Carlo methods were used to investigate the effect of misspecification of the second level in a two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM). Sample composition, heterogeneity of the group size, level of intraclass correlation, and correlation between second-level predictors were manipulated. Each of 20 generated data sets was analyzed nine…

Cross-validated classification accuracies were compared under assumptions of equal and varying degrees of unequal prior probabilities of group membership for 24 bootstrap and 48 simulated data sets. The data sets varied in sample size, number of predictors, relative group size, and degree of group separation. Total-group hit rates were used to…

The performance of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and six selected competitors was examined under varying experimental conditions through Monte Carlo simulations. The six alternatives were: (1) Quade's procedure (D. Quade, 1967); (2) Puri and Sen's solution (M. Puri and P. Sen, 1969); (3) Burnett and Barr's rank difference scores (T. Burnett and…

Two-stage sampling procedures for comparing two population means when variances are heterogeneous have been developed by D. G. Chapman (1950) and B. K. Ghosh (1975). Both procedures assume sampling from populations that are normally distributed. The present study reports on the effect that sampling from non-normal distributions has on Type I error…

When the results of a series of independent studies are combined, it is useful to quantitatively estimate the magnitude of the effects. Several methods for estimating effect size are compared in this paper. Glass' estimator and the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator are based on the ratio of the sample mean difference and the pooled…

The relationship of sample size to number of variables in the use of factor analysis has been treated by many investigators. In attempting to explore what the minimum sample size should be, none of these investigators pointed out the constraints imposed on the dimensionality of the variables by using a sample size smaller than the number of…

The Fisher Exact Probability Test considers independent groups and dichotomous criterion in a 2 by 2 (fourfold) contingency table. Fisher's test requires a determination of the combined probability of the observed frequency distribution and of the more extreme (in the same direction) frequency distributions. Typically, Fisher's test is for a small…

This paper examines the potential for sample bias if the number of followup mailings in a survey is reduced. The results indicate that initial respondents differ from laggard respondents on five demographic characteristics, but differences diminish between early and late laggard respondents. Multiple mailings are necessary to improve the quality…

This study was concerned with the effects of reliability of observations, sample size, magnitudes of treatment effects, and the shape of the sampled population on the relative power of the paired samples rank transform statistic and Wilcoxon's signed ranks statistic. (Author/LMO)