Disfluency characteristics of 36 nonstuttering boys aged two, four, and six years were analyzed from tape recorded speech samples made during free play within neutral and stress situations. Comparisons of frequency of disfluency were made among the different ages within each situation and between the neutral and stress situations. (Author)

Presents interview questions and procedures for determining the verbal proficiency levels of new English as a second language (ESL) students. (SK)

A study compared the eye movements of 16 stutterers and a control group of 16 nonstuttering speakers (mean age of both groups 22.9 years) to determine if eye movements differed. (PHR)

As a portion of a community service program for childhood communicative development, 999 sixth-to-eighth grade children were screened for speech and voice problems. (PHR)

This study examined visual analog scaling judgments of disfluency by normal listeners in response to oral reading by 20 adults with spasmodic dysphonia (SD) and nondysphonic controls. Findings suggest that although dysfluency is not a defining feature of SD, it does contribute significantly to the overall clinical impression of severity of the…

A study of 10 nondialect speakers who stutter, 10 nondialect speakers who do not stutter, and 10 dialect speakers who do not stutter, investigated the effect of speech dialect on listeners' speech naturalness ratings. Speech naturalness ratings were influenced by type of dialect, speech fluency and speaking rate. (Author/CR)

Identified changes in 48 nonnative speakers' (NNSs) pronunciation over a period of 12 weeks as a result of the type of instruction they received--global, segmental, and no specific pronunciation instruction. Implications for pronunciation instruction are drawn from the results. (Author/VWL)

Describes how foreign language instructors can test oral communication skills by simulating real-life situations and how this testing format was adapted so it could be used in a multisection French course. (one reference) (GLR)

An example of an integrated sequence is provided that demonstrates how language learners are autonomous in their language use and are responsible for the pace, direction, and outcome of their work. It is suggested that establishing a principled connection between tasks modelled on natural sequences of language use is a key element in providing for…

Addresses the effectiveness of the oral proficiency interview in assessing foreign language skills, responding to arguments regarding the logic of the interview method, the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) guidelines and levels of proficiency, and the relationship between linguistic knowledge and the bases of…

The results of this study indicate that a well-designed, on-campus interview conducted by experienced English-as-a-Second-Language teachers who are given structured training in evaluating oral proficiency can be used as an alternative instrument if a standardized test like the Test of Spoken English (TSE) is not readily available. (24 references)…

This study of the automatic word and sign recognition of 66 hearing and deaf adults found that responding in sign took longer and created more Stroop interference than responding orally, independent of hearing status. Deaf subjects showed greater automaticity in recognizing signs than words, whereas hearing subjects showed greater automaticity in…

Comparison of the narratives of 16 children with word-finding problems and 16 normal children (grades 1-6) found that children with word-finding disorders did not differ in language productivity but manifested significantly more word-finding characteristics in their narratives. Implications for assessment and intervention are discussed. (Author/DB)

Rebuts the monolithic view of language in which languages are discrete entities which clash in bilingual communities by suggesting that immigrant communities tend to develop mixed vernaculars in which children may well achieve fluency in the language of the larger society. Circumstances under which such fluency does not develop are identified.…

Examines the conceptual fluency theory in second-language teaching, illustrating the concept and offering examples of its feasibility in several languages. The paper suggests that to ignore metaphor is to ignore a large segment of the native speaker's competence. It also makes suggestions for second-language teachers wishing to make conceptual…