Although it is generally argued that information technology (IT) is a science rather than an art, very few professionals follow a process of systematic evaluation and revision, usually due to the level of difficulty and time constraints involved. The intent of this document is to provide a framework for evaluation and revision of instructional…

Although Robert M. Gagne's work is often thought of as learning theory, his contributions can most appropriately be considered as an "instructional theory." This denotes an integrated set of principles based upon learning theory, other relevant theories, and sound replicable research, that permits one to predict the effects of specific…

This booklet provides subject area high school teachers with a guide for teaching students with learning disabilities who are being mainstreamed into regular classrooms. The booklet points out that teachers of students with learning disabilities must find and implement different approaches to teaching course content to meet each student's needs,…

The 22-campus California State University (CSU) system recently sponsored an online faculty development institute to help college instructors learn how to create pedagogically sound online instruction. The Tools, Templates, and Training (T3) workshop, which is now available to interested faculty and institutions throughout the world, was designed…

A historical perspective is provided of instructional theories, and some comments are presented on five papers from a session of the 1998 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA). There is a large array of contemporary instructional design theories and models, and the number of theories is increasing. Some ways of…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of instructional and educational technology related to planning, delivery, evaluation, and content selection. Also under investigation were the internal organizations of universities that sponsor and deliver faculty development, and where the ultimate responsibility for faculty development…

The Layers of Necessity Model developed by M. Tessmer and J. F. Wedman (1990 and following) proposes that designers create multiple layers of instructional design (ID) activities depending on the particularities of different design situations. To enrich the understanding of the model, a replication was conducted of a study conducted in 1992.…

Curriculum in the United States is largely a fragmented set of subjects and teachers to present them. Many Pacific Northwestern educators are looking for innovative ways to organize curriculum that over comes the traditional structure. As knowledge of the learning process increases, integrative curriculum is being employed more frequently. Several…

A synthesis of the flow theory of intrinsic motivation of Csikszentmihalyi and the motivational design theory of instruction of Keller is presented. The conceptual integration of these theories is the basis for prescriptions aimed at increasing the level of intrinsic motivation in instruction. The flow phenomenon is described in terms of challenge…

Arguing that the evolution of intelligent tutoring systems better reflects the recent theoretical developments of cognitive science than traditional computer-based instruction (CBI), this paper describes a general model for an intelligent tutoring system and suggests ways to improve CBI using design principles derived from research in cognitive…

This paper explores the possibility of integrating cognitive theory into an established instructional development model, i.e., Gagne's nine events of instruction. Based on the third edition of Gagne's book, this paper describes the most up-to-date notions of how cognitive theory impacts on this development framework. Each of the nine events is…

Research in cognitive science that can be incorporated into the instructional design process is summarized. Instructional design shares many features common to other types of design, but its models do not support the kinds of cognitive activities necessary for successful design. Assumptions about learning provided by the descriptions of cognitive…

Instructional projects are balanced when the pieces come together at one time with the concurrent approval of all interested parties. The physical analogy of a tripod can serve to illustrate the interaction among three dimensions of all projects: content, or what the course will contain; form, or what the course will look like; and process, or how…

Examines the correlations between instructional ratings and exam performance at three universities. Results indicate that three rating factors-student accomplishment, presentation clarity, and organizational planning-correlated highly with educational achievement. (Author/DEP)

Thirty-two mathematics programs are described and evaluated in a standard format that permits comparison of the instructional design of the products. (MLF)