Research supported by a N.S.F. fellowship for graduate teaching assistants granted to the senior author.

This paper presents a new technique in which covariates are controlled and evaluation data still are presented graphically in a manner that makes sense to policy makers. An illustration is provided using data drawn from an evaluation by the author of a major National Science Foundation (NSF) university funding program. (Author)

The effect size was calculated for 104 dependent variables studied in 23 experimental or quasi-experimental evaluations of patient education programs. The mean effect size for all 23 studies indicated that the average taught patient moved from the 50th to the 77th percentile, relative to the control group. (GDC)

Mail surveys of 133 educational researchers were analyzed to determine practices concerning specially treated control groups. Although some consistency in practice was found, surveys revealed confusion among researchers over the definition of and relationship between both sources of artifact and placebo, Hawthorne, and attention-placebo controls.…

Investigates the equality of "p" correlated effect sizes for "k" independent studies in which treatment and control groups are compared using Hotelling's "T" statistic. Illustrates the procedure and discusses the importance of sample size. (SLD)

Children who experienced autism, mental retardation, and language disorders; and, children in a clinical control group were shown photographs of human female, orangutan, and canine (boxer) faces expressing happiness, sadness, anger, surprise and a neutral expression. For each species of faces, children were asked to identify the happy, sad, angry,…

Many black women in the United States experience unique stressors that often impede their ability to interact and cope effectively in their psychosocial environment. The study in this article examined factors affecting the ability of black women to cope with everyday stressors and to master situations that induce psychological distress. Using an…

This study followed baseline samples of 424 unipolar depressed patients and 424 community controls across 10 years to investigate the association between depression and alcohol-related coping and to examine how life context vulnerabilities underlie the risk for depressed individuals to rely on drinking to cope. Findings supported all hypotheses.…

A controlled experiment is used in a survey of high school students to investigate the effect on response rates of prizes awarded for responding to a survey. (Contains 2 tables.)

The present study investigated how anticipation of a target's appearance affects human attention to gaze cues provided by a schematic face. Subjects in a "catch" group received a high number of "catch" trials, in which no target stimulus appeared. Subjects in the control group did not receive any catch trials. As in previous studies, both groups…

A newly developed quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system was used to measure changes in cortical hemoglobin oxygenation during the Verbal Fluency Task in 32 healthy controls, 15 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 15 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amplitude of changes in the waveform, which was…

Profile analysis was used to compare the study skills of academically struggling college students to their normal-achieving counter parts using the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI; Weinstein & Palmer, 2002). Comparisons were made between: (a) students with high versus low GPAs; (b) students with a documented learning disability…