Decisions to terminate training for subjects involved with discrete trial experiments in discrimination learning should utilize a probability criterion rather than a deterministic criterion. Furthermore, these decisions should be based upon the number of correct and error responses made by the subject, with the decision made to terminate training…

One aim of criterion-referenced testing is to classify an examinee without reference to a norm group; therefore, any statements about the dependability of such classification ought to be group-independent also. A population-independent index is proposed in terms of the probability of incorrect classification near the cutoff true score. The…

The purpose of this paper is to derive explicit estimates of the parameters of a latent structure model when the skills represented by the test items are hierarchically related. Two special cases are described, which may be used as an approximation to the Dayton and Macready model and also provide initial estimates in an iterative estimation…

This paper discusses a model to optimize cash management in school districts. A brief discussion of the cash flow pattern of school districts is followed by an analysis of the constraints faced by the school districts in their investment planning process. A linear programming model used to optimize net interest earnings on investments is developed…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS BOOK IS TO DESCRIBE LEARNING AIDS THAT MAY BE MADE BY A TEACHER OR CHILDREN FOR USE IN MATHEMATICS PROGRAMS IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. THESE AIDS ARE OF TWO TYPES--MANIPULATIVE AND VISUAL. DESCRIPTIONS IN THIS BOOK INCLUDE (1) THE PURPOSE OF THE TEACHING AID IN A MODERN MATHEMATICS PROGRAM, (2) EXAMPLES OF ITS USE, AND (3) ITS…

This paper attempts to provide a general equilibrium framework for comparing the merits of alternative methods of raising the income of the employable poor. The strategy is to specify a complete and interacting set of factor markets, parameterize alternative program types in a manner convenient to this specification, and then solve the system of…

This study concerns concrete manipulatives for use in mathematics education, specifically in the realm of negative numbers and the operations on them. The author presents a review of relevant theory, practice, and research and develops guidelines regarding characteristics of manipulative materials. He concludes that present practice in teaching…

To the data analyst, outliers can present both a problem and an opportunity. Stray or outlying observations can severly distort estimates of a distribution's central tendency (like the mean) and estimates of one variable's relationship to another (like the regression coefficient). These problems are frequent and serious, and as a result,…

Slightly over 180,000 draftees were surveyed 10 months after leaving the military to gain data regarding training, employment, occupation and wages if working, marital status, education, Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) score, age, race, military occupation, and home. Differences in earnings functions among smaller, homogeneous labor markets…

The true state of the system described here is characterized by a probability vector. At each stage of the system an action must be chosen from a finite set of actions. Each possible action yields an expected reward, transforms the system to a new state in accordance with a Markov transition matrix, and yields an observable outcome. The problem of…

Three methods that can be used subsequent to a regression analysis to determine the relative effectiveness of schools are Dyer's Performance Indices, Scheffe's hyperbolic confidence bands, and Gafarian's linear confidence bands. These methods were applied to data from 54 hypothetical schools randomly generated from a multivariate normal…

The document presents the corporate and managerial policy results of quantitative models of an individual's propensity to terminate from manpower programs. The models were tested using a sample from 10 firms participating in the National Alliance of Businessmen (NABS) and the Job Opportunities in the Business Sector (JOBS) programs formed to…

This study compared three approaches to the two-factor experiment with repeated measures on one factor: (1) the conventional mixed model analysis of variance, (2) the Greenhouse-Geisser conservative analysis of variance, and (3) multivariate extensions of analysis of variance. Computer simulated data were used in a total of 96 sets of covariance…

To determine if Rasch Model procedures have any utility for equating pre-existing tests, data from the equating phase of the Anchor Test Study (ATS) were reanalyzed. This management report summarizes the work completed in the project, describes the differences in this project and that of the ATS, and presents recommendations and conclusions to the…

The reliability of a criterion referenced test was defined as a measure of the degree to which the test discriminates between an individual's level of performance and a predetermined criterion level. The variances of observed and true scores were defined as the squared deviation of the score from the criterion. Based on these definitions and the…