Simulations provide practice in aspects of care without harm or inconvenience to the actual patient. Five types of simulations have been identified that vary in their fidelity to real situations - written simulations, three-dimensional models, computer-based patient management problems, multi-media approaches and simulated patients. Uses and…

Presents 257 abridged abstracts of articles from volumes 1-15 of "Instructional Science," an international interdisciplinary journal that deals with the nature, theory, and practice of the instructional process and the learning that follows. (LRW)

Describes three principal types of embedded training: help systems, simulations, and intelligent tutors. Implications of designing and implementing embedded training are discussed in terms of a set of propositions about the use of computers for learning. (Author/MBR)

Describes booktalk program at Miller Avenue School (Shoreham, New York) designed to encourage children to view reading as a pleasurable experience. Reading guidance and assistance, background information, choice of books for booktalk collection, selections by students and leaders, conducting the program, stages of transition, and key factors for…

Important aspects of instructional design are outlined for optometry teachers, including steps in the instructional design process, writing specific behavioral objectives, and determining the appropriate setting, instructional dimensions (teacher role, level of student participation, and relevance to students' future responsibilities), and…

Describes the methodology adopted in the creation of one of a variety of games created for use in specific business courses at Leeds Polytechnic Business School (England), including constraints under which it was constructed, its initial implementation, and its established use. The game focused on pricing decisions in a retail establishment. (MBR)

Discusses evaluation criteria for selecting authoring tools, including system complexity and language, cost, copy protection, ease of learning and use, graphics, sound, and peripheral interfacing capabilities, support documentation, overall performance, tutorials, instructional design and management features, and product support. A…

A task force at Northwestern University Library reviewed utility of a slide-tape program in new student orientation, and created an updated version for library use. The year-long project combined planning, goal-setting, budgeting, studying equipment and techniques, script-writing, selecting appropriate slides, and integrating all parts into a…

Surveys research on programmed instruction, questions, and feedback in instruction to identify guidelines for developing computer assisted instruction. The most important guidelines identified are those related to use of questions as attention, coding, and rehearsal devices, and those related to corrective feedback. (MBR)

Summarizes strategies and recommendations included in various prominent instructional theories (behaviorism, Gagne and Briggs' events of instruction, component display theory, cognitive research, and Keller's motivational-design) to provide guidelines for designing the practice component of instruction. (MBR)

Suggests programming structures of computer assisted instruction for teaching severely learning disabled students be related to an established educational model. Use of performance contoured programming (PCP), based upon behavioral model of precision teaching, is discussed and contrasted with cognitive programming approaches. PCP applications and…

Outlines a path analytic interpretation of data collected in light of the theoretical formulation of a dynamic model of memory. An investigation of industrial trainees' capacity to differentiate various ferrous and nonferrous metals is described which emphasizes the role of relational, strategic, and empirical knowledge in cognitive skill…

Identifies topics discussed by educational technology professors in the curriculum group at the University Consortium for Instructional Development and Technology (UCIDT) Conference in April 1985: skills and knowledges taught in instructional technology programs; impact of new technology; job market influence; role of programs in teacher training;…

Describes and compares formative evaluation approaches: expert review, developmental testing, three-stage model, learner verification and revision, and general approach to formative evaluation. Discussion of differences among approaches related to duration of try-out/revision cycle and recommendations for effective acquisition of data are…

Two computer-based instructional design strategies were investigated to improve the two-phase process of concept learning by being response sensitive to error patterns. The first strategy determined the format of examples by adaptive or fixed selection; the second strategy adjusted the selection according to rules of generalization and…