Three experiments evaluated the use of choral and individual responding in teaching word reading to four students (ages 10-13) with moderate mental retardation. The experiments indicated that the effects of choral and individual responding interact with the ratio of exposures to stimulus and with the ratio of opportunities to respond in the two…

A significant number of American high schools are trying to restructure the traditional organization by designing smaller house plans, advisory systems, and block schedules enabling them to serve today's students' diverse needs. Besides helping to personalize learning, such nontraditional schooling alternatives can help create a healthy…

Discussion of the use of computers for systematic individualization of instruction focuses on a study of elementary school students using computer-managed drill and practice in arithmetic in four different systems. A model for decision making in computer-managed practice systems is presented, and the role of the teacher is discussed. (43…

Discusses changes in models of education and teaching that affect the roles of educational technologists. A review of schooling models of the past, present, and future emphasizes a shift from traditional teacher and student roles to more democratic, individualized instruction; and McBeath's transformational model for change is considered. (15…

The article describes the Finnish special education system which provides instructional modifications ranging from remedial education to individual instruction at home, with most students receiving part-time special education by resource room teachers. The last decade has seen emphasis on individual and group integration and individual special…

Describes a beginning conducting course at the University of Kansas that utilizes self-instruction through the use of video programing. The course includes 12 videotaped modules presented weekly, providing students with a visual model to review their performance. Finds that students gain basic competency in terminology, transposition, and…

In the state of Victoria, Australia, a rigorous program to eradicate failure in early literacy is based on expectations of success for all students, detailed records of student needs and progress, extensive teacher training and ongoing support, individualized instruction and active intervention for students who are not making progress, and links…

Describes characteristics of mathematically gifted students and how teachers can identify, instruct, and assess such students through observation, conversation, classroom activities, and individual testing, using true mathematical problems geared for the specific student. Cross-curriculum indicators of talent, classroom structure, and…

Relates the origin of the Russian regional education program entitled the "Program for the Development of the System of Education of Novgorod Oblast 1996-2000" outlining the stages, content, and principles of the program's creation. Focuses on municipal educational institutions and individualization of instruction. (CMK)

This study compared Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for 108 elementary grade students with mild disabilities in either resource or inclusive settings. IEPs for resource students had more service minutes, more long-range goals, used more information sources, indicated better correspondence between IEP components and student ability level,…

Presents a paradigm for restructuring elementary education administration. Discusses the need for a goal-oriented system, a skills-oriented curriculum, activities and concepts that accommodate child development, flexible scheduling and staffing, and changing learning activities. Suggests that a computerized model of the learning process could be…

This article identifies problems in traditional spelling instruction for students with written language difficulties, notes remedial approaches, and considers adaptive approaches including the use of electronic spellcheckers. The use of personal student spelling dictionaries is recommended for both whole language and strategy language arts…

There is no contradiction between effective standards-based instruction and differentiation. Curriculum tells teachers what to teach; differentiation tells how. Teachers can challenge all learners by providing standards-based materials and tasks calling for varied difficulty levels, scaffolding, instructional styles, and learning times. (MLH)

Based on 5 years' experience, the Project Challenge coordinator for the Pittsford (New York) Central School District explains how to implement differentiated instruction. Teachers should find a buddy, align objectives, find out what students know, plan flexible grouping, encourage student responsibility, and provide choices. (MLH)

Individualized activity schedules were successfully used with a 4- year-old child with autism who attended an integrated public pre-school classroom. Graduated physical guidance and a system of most-to-least prompts were used during skill acquisition stages with teacher proximity and level of prompts being eventually faded. (Contains nine…