This article problemetizes the contemporary view of reciprocity and offers a philosophical foundation for an enriched view based on Dewey's critique of early stimulus-response theory in psychology and his view of democracy. We situate the argument for reconsidering the provider/recipient model of service learning in the context of a collaboration…

Decision-making and the models of decision-making that people carry in their minds were assessed. Participants in a public policy decision involving early childhood education were mapped onto four frequently used models of decision making: the rational, the bureaucratic, organizational process (Allison, 1971) and the garbage can or organized…

Power relations between government and higher education in Ontario, Canada, with specific reference to financing and to graduate program development, are addressed. The types of postsecondary institutions and the roles of the Ontario Council on University Affiars (OCUA) and the Council of Ontario Universities (COU) are identified. It is suggested…

The sharing of authority after collective bargaining is initiated in higher education institutions is addressed. Seven issues at the center of power struggle within organized institutions are looked at: long-range planning, retrenchment, promotion, appointment, nonrenewal, tenure, and management rights. An analysis of two-thirds of the bargaining…

Psychology department heads throughout the country (1151) were surveyed to learn more about the individuals filling those positions. The response rate was 56 percent, with a usable sample of 86 percent men and 14 percent women. The questionnaire contained 35 multiple-choise items, primarily about characteristics of the school, the job, and the…

Organizational differences among universities in Switzerland were identified through study of budgeting, professor appointment, and planning. University or state authorities intervening in the decisionmaking process are classified in four groups corresponding to four levels of organizational authority. Universities are subdivided into three groups…

The formal and informal administrative structures and channels of authority at Iowa Lakes Community College were investigated through a questionnaire administered to the college's board of directors, central administration, department chairpersons, student services staff, student senate, and faculty. The questionnaire asked respondents to identify…

Since ethnic studies in schools is an integral part of the larger social system in this country, its current status, problems and strengths must be examined within the total social context. Ruling groups determine the formulation and dissemination of knowledge (particularly negative social science research about ethnic groups and the poor). This…

Organizational change at Wells College, New York, is traced from 1876-1905 in relation to women's role in higher education. This excerpt of a larger study indicates how women worked within a female college that had male authority figures at a time in which there were strong notions about proper feminine behavior. The college was intended to train…

The Texas tradition of placing women and minorities in lower paying, less prestigious jobs without policy-making responsibility continued through the 1970s in the areas of public employment and public education. For all employment at all governmental levels in all regions and city sizes, minority members and women earned the lowest salaries.…

Prejudice built up against the rural citizen and his situation is exemplified in the stereotyping inherent in the pejorative terms "pastoral", "bucolic", "hick", etc., and romantic turn-of-the-century debate over whether "modern degeneracy" should be considered urban- or rural-centered. Such holdover…

AN ASSESSMENT IS MADE OF VARIABLES THAT ENCOURAGE OR DISCOURAGE PARTICIPATION IN AMERICAN SOCIETY. ONE VARIABLE IS THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF FELT NEEDS, WHICH ARE DETERMINED PARTLY BY PERSONALITY BUT FAR MORE--ESPECIALLY AMONG THE POOR--BY ENVIRONMENT. ANOTHER IS THE RANGE OF OPPORTUNITIES THAT ONE CAN IDENTIFY FOR PARTICIPATION IN THE LABOR MARKET…

This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on international cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze international relations, this monograph reports on the testing of relative status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969…

This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on international cooperation over a three-year period. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze international relations, this monograph reports on the testing of relative status field theory on WEIS conflict data for 1966-1969…

This monograph presents findings from an analysis of data on international conflict over a three-year period. Computer printout of the analysis is included. Part of a large scale research project to test various theories with regard to their ability to analyze international relations, this monograph reports on the testing of relative status field…