This article presents student experiences within an 11th- and 12th-grade language arts course as a lens to examine how language arts teachers might embed multimodality, an awareness of student learning through not only print and verbal language activities but also visual, kinesthetic, aural, and spatial activities, in their courses as a means of…

This report addresses the reporting requirements of Public Law 26-26 and the provisions of "No Child Left Behind" ("NCLB") as described in the Guam Department of Education Board adopted "District Action Plan" ("DAP"). Public Law 26-26, Section 3106 states that "No later than thirty (30) days following…

This technical report provides an overview of the New York State Alternate Assessment (NYSAA), including a description of the purpose of the NYSAA, the processes utilized to develop and implement the NYSAA program, and Stakeholder involvement in those processes. The purpose of this report is to document the technical aspects of the 2013-14 NYSAA.…

A formative intervention was employed to expose children to a variety of words to increase the breadth, or size of their vocabularies, and to repeatedly and supportively expose children to words to increase the depth, or semantic understanding of vocabulary. Science content words were selected since they are less likely to be included in an…

The goals of this research are two-fold: (1) to survey the literature comparing the effectiveness (as measured by student achievement on state tests) of scripted language arts/reading programs in low-performing schools, and (2) to compare middle school teachers' attitudes (measured in questionnaires, interviews and surveys) on implementation and…

To teach the rigorous skills and knowledge students need to succeed in future college-entry courses and workforce training programs, education stakeholders have increasingly called for more rigorous curricula, instruction, and assessments. Identifying the critical attributes of rigor and measuring its appearance in curricular materials is…

The approach of high-stakes testing and accountability of student learning has resulted in an increase of ongoing assessments and continual instructional adjustments by teachers to achieve maximum student performance on standardized tests. According to Black and Wiliam (1998a), formative assessments can produce significant learning gains by…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the instructional leadership of the principal on literacy initiatives as it relates to student achievement. It examined literacy coaches' perceptions of how a principal's instructional leadership relates to teachers' literacy curriculum. The study also examined whether South Carolina principals' level…

Student teaching is a cornerstone of teacher preparation, yet it remains one of the most difficult experiences to understand. Calls for an ecological approach to research on student teaching prompted this study in which the experience is examined from the perspective of the three key triad members. Using activity theory, this study explores how…

This study examined the predictive nature of teacher ratings of student performance on the mathematical thinking and language and literacy domains of a state mandated curriculum-embedded performance assessment for children in first grade to student achievement on a criterion-referenced test in third grade in mathematics and English language arts,…

This article explores the theoretical framework upon which a democratic classroom is based, and the effects that a curriculum based on social justice has on English Language Learners (ELLs). Furthermore, it explores authentic means of assessing ELLs, in addition to other more traditional and standardized testing. In a social justice framework, all…

Today, it is a challenge for teachers to convince resistant readers that literature holds secrets, adventures, and revelations worthy of their time and attention. When teachers demonstrate how to explore literature and guide students in doing so, teachers help break down barriers that are common among middle school students. Unfortunately, when…

Suzanne Miller examines the meaning of shifting notions of literacy for English education, drawing on her work in a long-term digital video composing project and in an ELA teacher education class to look at teachers' engagements with this newly accessible multimodal literacy practice. She argues that English teachers need support for new kinds of…

The authors believe that teachers who have deep knowledge about different arts disciplines can and should work together to create curriculum that fosters inquiry about life itself rather than the mastery of fragmented knowledge and skills. Fine arts teachers know something different from what ELA teachers know. So curriculum that is thoughtfully…

In this position article, we explore what happens when school district policies regarding desegregation, accountability, and foreign language immersion education collide. Specifically, we contrast 2 immersion programs that experienced distinct outcomes as a result of the conflicting agendas underlying these 3 policies. One program, originally…