Examined 4-year olds' strategy development using a new kind of "same-different" judgment task that minimized memory demands. Found that children's spontaneous behavior was highly strategic, and over trials it developed differently for "same" and "different" trials. Most children who did not spontaneously use the most…

Reviews studies which concluded that brief fantasy exercises can create false memories in preschool children. Raises important issue about the credibility of memory-creation research with preschool children. States that there are social costs in perpetuating information derived from studies that were not appropriately designed to adequately test…

This paper reports on two studies that compared the memory of children with autism for personally experienced events with that of memory for events experienced by a peer. The children with autism recalled events performed by themselves significantly less well than observed events performed by a peer. The opposite was true for typical children and…

Relationships among continuous performance test (CPT), IQ, achievement, and memory/learning scores were explored for 1,280 children about 9 years old. Associations among the CPT measures and various cognitive/academic tasks suggest that all require attention and inhibition. The importance of assessing attention and disinhibition in psychological…

Six experiments involving a total of 112 college students demonstrate that a robust memory for visual context exists to guide spatial attention. Results show how implicit learning and memory of visual context can guide spatial attention toward task-relevant aspects of a scene. (SLD)

Reports on searching the data files of the "Memory of Reading" project. Presents images that evoke social memory from reading practices in Brazil. (PA)

Describes how one kindergarten class in Illinois remembers class studies through students' artwork. Discusses the creation and benefits of a "Memory Wall," on which students' art helps make concrete the value of remembering, sharing discoveries, and revisiting prior knowledge. The Wall also offers another window into assessing and…

Evaluates the issues surrounding the recovery of repressed memories through hypnosis and suggests ways clinicians might productively confront the attendant clinical dilemmas in this process. Discusses the hypnotic experience, the nature of memory, and clinical problems associated with recovered memories. Makes recommendations for clinicians. (RJM)

Discusses cognitive navigation, cognitive maps and online learning, and the role of the hippocampus in navigation. Topics include brain research in animal and human studies; types of memory; human navigation, including land navigation and information navigation; instructional strategies; tree maps of curriculum structure; cognitive complexity; and…

Investigated in four experiments claims that young children's event recall can be facilitated by drawing. Found that object recall was enhanced by replacing objects on a board as they were recalled. Recall was reduced in 5- to 6-year-olds and not enhanced in older children by drawing the board and objects concurrently with or just prior to verbal…

This study examined recognition memory for items and their location among adults with Down syndrome (n=24), adults with nonspecific mental retardation (n=22), and community volunteers (n=20). No differences in memory for spatial location were found between the two groups with mental retardation, though both groups performed worse than control…

Argues that the limited resources with which organisms start their development make possible certain kinds of learning which otherwise would be highly problematical. Discusses limitations of the cognitive structure of the organism, learning, and its problems in connectionism. Maintains that the knowledge gained from efforts to overcome problems…

Comments on Raftopoulos article (PS 528 649) on facilitative effect of cognitive limitation in development and connectionist models. Argues that the use of neural networks within an "Artificial Life" perspective can more effectively contribute to the study of the role of cognitive limitations in development and their genetic basis than…

Investigates 1st-graders' ability to select the appropriate strategy for constructing a building from memory versus listening to instructions that included an unfamiliar word. Results reveal children's strategy selections: preceded any construction attempts; followed failed construction attempts; or followed verbal feedback about failures.…

Applies information on memory for different types of experiences to Montessori teacher education programs. Differentiates verbal, visual, emotional, and kinesthetic memory. Provides suggestions for meeting brain needs to enhance learning performance. Maintains that brain development is dependent on challenging learning experiences and on providing…