Examined how information about another person's HIV status influences self-perceptions and behavioral intentions. Individuals perceived their own personalities and behaviors as more dissimilar to anther's if that person's HIV status was believed positive compared with negative or unknown. Exposure to HIV-positive model produced greater intentions…

Analyzes discourse in a school classroom setting by comparing teacher reactions, particularly involving interruptions, with girls versus boys. Findings from a fifth-grade class show teachers interrupted girls more often than boys and also had differing conversational styles when dealing with girls versus boys. Additionally, boys were offered…

Surveys of students aged 4-14 in 22 Toronto (Canada) classrooms, their parents, and teachers found that a third of students were involved in bullying situations, with involvement higher among boys and in grades 5-6. Teachers and parents were unaware of individual children's involvement, and children perceived teachers' interventions as infrequent.…

Examined the relationship between childhood loneliness and insecure-ambivalent attachment in infancy. As predicted, the most loneliness in early childhood was reported by children classified insecure-ambivalent in infancy. Possible explanations center on the contribution of attachment to peer relationships, internal working models, and child…

This pilot study provides information on the effort required to conduct a telephone survey on access to care of persons with angina. Allowing for noncontact calls, refusal to participate, and ineligibility, the response rate for whites was 23.4% (2,724 of 11,559), and that of African Americans was 24.3% (2,003 of 8,242). (SLD)

Examined the impact of various factors on perceived emotional strain of adult son and daughter caregivers of frail elderly parents. Daughters experienced higher levels of emotional strain than did sons. Daughters' emotional strain predicted by interference with work and quality of relationship with parent. Sons' stressors also discussed. (RJM)

Presents a case study of an avid middle-grade reader who a had poor self-concept and who did not connect her school reading to anything in her life. Discusses how free-writing and language experience approaches helped her present detailed, thoughtful responses to text. (RS)

The Rasch model was applied to selection of items for an Arabic version of the Otis-Lennon Mental Ability Test using a sample of 599 male and female Kuwaiti secondary school and university students. Results indicated that the test is suitable for the range of ability intended to be measured. (SLD)

Examines the questions and the key elements of the collective and individual responses arising from five teachers who discussed the success of the Boston University/Chelsea (Massachusetts) school system partnership. Changes in their expectations, their positive experiences and disappointments, and their views on what they have learned are each…

Describes early childhood teachers' responses to a hypothetical ethical dilemma that concerned a parent's possibly abusive behavior following a discussion of her child's behavior with the teacher. Discusses the use of the NAEYC code of ethics to resolve problems in everyday practice. (AA)

Homesickness is a normal response of campers to the stress of being separated from their families. Suggestions for interventions include preparing children and parents for the camp experience, educating staff concerning child development and homesickness, developing a plan for the child who has adjustment problems, and following-up with campers at…

Investigated whether actors and observers differ in their beliefs about what features of an individual best reflect his/her "authentic self." Results indicate that actors' views differed significantly from observers'. Friend raters believed that their friends' dispositional traits were better indicators than what their friends actually did,…

The Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire is introduced as a measure of emotional expressiveness. Four studies involving 499 mothers and 362 fathers provided evidence of good convergent, discriminant, and construct validity for the instrument and a preliminary short form. Factor analyses support a two-factor solution across the studies.…

Reports results of a study on the effectiveness of a coordinated community intervention to reduce domestic violence in DuPage County, IL. Logistic regression analysis indicated that arrest significantly deterred subsequent domestic violence incidents over an 18-month follow-up period, especially with those with a previous history of police…

Reports rate of intimate partner homicides (married and unmarried, heterosexual and homosexual) in Chicago from 1965-1993 (2,556 in all). Identifies major trends in intimate homicide over this 29-year period; discusses the people who are most at risk and the riskiest situations. Explores implications for intervention strategies. (LKS)