By addressing the areas of feelings and value judgements the goals of a relationship between behaviorists and teachers can be clarified. The term "behavior modification" elicits negative emotional responses. Perhaps behaviorists should accept responsibility for the negativism and use a term such as Ogden Lindsley's "precision teaching." The term…

These essays and documents, on and by Frederick Douglass, Martin Delany, and William Wells Brown focus on the oppression which they experienced and on violence and rebellion as it appears in the literature which they created. The chapters discuss Frederick Douglass and violence, rage in the fiction of Martin Delany, and the fiction of William…

This study investigated the judgmental reactions of 33 white and Negro inner city teachers to speech samples of 40 boys and girls who differed in social status and ethnic background. Teachers were asked to make candid responses on a set of semantic differential scales designed to determine (1) the extent to which teachers can be grouped together…

This report discusses the success of desensitization techniques in alleviating specific anxiety but its failure in treating generalized anxiety. Anxiety management training (AMTO has been developed to overcome some of the deficiencies of desensitization approaches. Through the use of instructions and cues to arouse anxiety responses and the…

The possibility of behavior having important consequences is the focus of this manual with the objective of predicting criminal behavior through the use of an Environmental Deprivation Scale (EDS). The principal analytical method for analysis of the environment is the systematic observation of behavior and the manipulation of environmental…

The St. Louis Vocabulary Development Project was developed to help children cope with the increasing vocabulary demands in content area textbooks encountered in the fourth grade. The project was presented over the school radio system for 30 minutes daily, 3 days weekly, for 30 weeks in about 150 schools. The fifth and sixth graders were taught…

The post mortem item-examinee sampling investigation described herein explored the feasibility of using item-examinee sampling to estimate scale values denoting degree of affect toward stimuli when measured by the method of paired-comparisons. Results indicate clearly that such scale values can be approximated satisfactorily through item-examinee…

Similarities were noted between techniques used in a new curriculum method, "Structural Communication," and research techniques used to study the relationship between "subjective organization" and recall of word lists. To explore these similarities, 8 groups of 24 high school students read instruction units under different…

Two studies are reported in which the relative difficulty of the utilization of two response strategies, matching and oddity, was assessed. Subjects for the first study were children ages 5-7, 8-10, and 11-13 years; in the second study, college adults were tested. Generally, subjects took more trials to learn matching problems than oddity…

Four experiments comparing behavior of children from Los Angeles, California, and Nuevo San Vicente, Baja California, Mexico, were conducted to analyze cooperative and competitive behavior of Anglo American city and Mexican rural children. Eighty children from each setting, 40 of age 7-9 and 40 of age 10-11, equally divided by sex, served as…

Four experimental Super 8 mm sound motion picture films were designed and produced for presentation in a 2x2x2 factorial research model to test the effects of mode of response and stimulus conditions in films for preschool children. Subjects were 40 children (22 males and 18 females) in a Headstart Program in San Pedro, California, divided so that…

Following up on an earlier study which found that blacks and whites differed significantly on a 54-item development scale designed to measure effective individual functioning, or "maturity," this report considers whether the content of the Psychosocial Maturity Scale (PSM) is biased in favor of white children and if this bias invalidates…

This study examined how relevant cues given by an experimenter might differentially affect the performance of task versus socially oriented children on two games. On the basis of past research, two independent variables were chosen: field dependence-independence and sex. It was expected that field-dependent children and girls would tend to be more…

The effects of immediate knowledge of results (KR) concerning the correctness or incorrectness of each item response on a computer-administered test of verbal ability were investigated. The effects of KR were examined on a 50-item conventional test and a stradaptive ability test and in high- and low-ability groups. The primary dependent variable…

This paper summarizes results of an ecological analysis designed to generate hypotheses concerning processes involved in learning to meet the demands of the classroom environment. Ethnographic data on student teachers indicates that classrooms are characterized by multidimensionality, simultaneity, and unpredictability. Teachers, in turn,…