Examined therapist response modes in 127 sessions of eight cases of brief psychotherapy with experienced therapists and anxious-depressed clients. Response modes had significant effect on immediate outcome, with self-disclosure, interpretation, approval, and paraphrase being the most helpful response modes. Found large individual differences in…

Discusses how research in error analysis and discourse analysis can help teachers understand basic writers. Argues that the role of teachers is to recognize basic writers' attempts to construct meaningful prose by focusing on both the meaning of the text and the meaning of students' writing errors. (MM)

The impact of computerized adaptive test (CAT) administration formats on student performance was studied with 645 medical technology students who also took a paper-and-pencil test. Analysis of covariance indicates no significant interactions among test administration formats and provides evidence for adjusting CAT test to more familiar modalities.…

Discussion of the functional relationship between self-injurious behavior (SIB) and self-restraint in people with severe disabilities considers SIB and self-restraint as members of the same functional response class, SIB and self-restraint as functionally independent responses, access to self-restraint as positive reinforcement of SIB, termination…

After experimenting with multiyear teaching assignments during the late 1980s, the Attleboro (Massachusetts) Public Schools now require all classroom teachers from grades one through eight to spend two years with their classes. Preschool jitters diminish, kids gain a strong support system, and teachers gain an extra month of teaching time during…

The emotional experience of one teacher was studied in depth using phenomenological interviews and participant observation. The teacher experienced a variety of emotions generated when the instructional dynamics of the lesson were congruent or incongruent with his professional practical knowledge, and a compelling emotional state of "being a…

Examines classic fairy tales, noting the lack of attention given the role of imagination in children's learning. Discusses features of fairy stories such as structure, oppositional concepts, and emotional component, then infers four principles about young children's learning. Gives two examples of how these principles can influence teaching to be…

This study compared the effects of two supervisory models (self-assessment and collaborative) on types and frequency of teacher verbal feedback statements during early field experiences for preservice physical educators. Videotapes and observation data indicated that collaborative supervision increased students' positive specific interactions with…

Examines the micropolitics within Delaware's RE:Learning project schools. Describes four teacher factions (the enthusiastic vanguard, cautious observers, sleepy cynics, and outspoken opponents) that typically emerged, persisted, and sniped at each other. Explores each faction's traits, sketches factions' interactions within steering committees,…

Examined the impact of homicidal, suicidal, and nonviolent heavy metal and rap songs on the moods of male college undergraduates. Students (n=164) completed mood inventories after listening to 1 of 6 songs. Results show no effects of these songs on suicidal ideation, anxiety, or self-esteem. Rap songs elicited greater angry responses than heavy…

Social context and maternal style of requesting and responsiveness were examined in teaching and social interactions in relation to 28 Down's Syndrome (DS) and 28 mental-age matched normal children's cooperation and social initiative. Compliance for DS children was similar to that of normal children for child-initiated exchanges but decreased…

Examined the role of three sympathy-related responses--cognitive, affective, and motivational--in adolescents' self-reports of prosocial response to distress in friends and acquaintances. Findings suggest that, in adolescents, affective and motivational responses can be differentiated along a dimension of other- versus self-orientation and that…

In 2 experiments, 261 middle school students processed an analogy and responded to factual and inferential target-domain questions in a study of variables that contribute to the formation of analogical misconceptions. Results of both experiments support a six-variable model of analogical misconception formation. (SLD)

Responds to the common assumption among English teachers that prior knowledge of a subject enhances students' ability to comprehend materials that they read. Presents evidence from the think-aloud protocols of undergraduate students to argue that having prior experience of the subjects treated in texts does not ensure that students will make…

Examined the discriminant validity of sexual responses to stories of child sexual assault when told from the point of view of a male perpetrator versus that of a female child victim. Results indicate the relevance of changing deviant preferences and enhancing empathy for the victim while treating child molesters. (RJM)