The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that specific spatial and possibly temporal rates of change dominate early infants' looking, that these spatial and temporal events have meaningful and specific empirical correlates in neurophysiology as a function of age, and finally that neurophysiologically constrained models provide testable…

This study continued to replicate and extend research dealing with children's perceptions of vulnerability to health problems. Responses of 774 children, 8 to 17 years old, to 15 questions about the likelihood of encountering various health problems confirmed previous results indicating that perceived vulnerability is consistent across health…

It is hypothesized that subjects who are highly anomic will demonstrate less anxiety and higher nonperson orientation than normal subjects will when personal space is invaded. Fifty-six pretested subjects classified as either anomic (14 males, 14 females) or normal (14 males, 14 females) were placed in one of two interview conditions: personal…

A project undertaken to advance the systematic analysis of public responses, attitudes, opinions, preferences, and values relating to the environment is discussed in this report, the seventh in a series of eight. The reports fall into two general categories: five describe and compare responses to representative milieus in New York, Boston,…

The Instructional Staff Development program (ISD) trains teachers to exhibit behaviors which lead to inquiry skills development in students. Teachers must have an understanding of the total context within which specific strategies function, and they must learn to be responsive to feedback and input from students. The program attempts to help a…

These seven original essays by noted behavioral scientists were prepared for a symposium held at Eridale College (University of Toronto), and concern the causes, functions, and dysfunctions of human affective communication. The empirical findings and theoretical statements in the essays provide a framework for development of a psychological…

This study developed a test to measure Anticipated Communicative Anxiety (ACA), the tendency of persons to expect to be anxious or frightened when they must express themselves orally. First, it was found that ACA could be both reliably and validly measured by a test on which subjects were asked to estimate on a seven-point scale how much fear they…

The objective of this report is that teachers need to be heard more. They need to have the chance to express their frustrations and air their anger, and to do so in a way that will get the message beyond the protective custody of officialdom to the audience that really needs to hear it (parents and the general public). This book is a summary and…

A survey of assessment procedures of the newborn and of the infant during the first month of life was conducted; the survey indicated that there were instruments for evaluating the newborn and for evaluating the four-week-old infant, but there was no single procedure which included an evaluation of both the newborn and the four-week-old infant.…

MODELS OF A SCHOOL COUNSELOR'S COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE APPRAISAL OF STUDENT INFORMATION AND OF HIS OVERT VERBAL RESPONSES IN THE "EDUCATIONAL PLANNING INTERVIEW" WERE MADE WITH COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND COMPUTER-CONTROLLED EQUIPMENT. THE VERBALIZATIONS OF THE COUNSELOR WHILE REVIEWING THE RECORDS OF 20 NINTH-GRADE STUDENTS PRIOR TO…

This study examined three potential situational determinants of children's question-asking: (1) the presence or absence of a peer; (2) whether or not the children are given tactual access to the materials being used to induce questions; and (3) whether these materials are presented three-dimensionally (as objects) or two-dimensionally (as…

INTERTAIL, the computer program which implements an approach to tailored testing outlined by Cliff (1975), was examined with errorless data in several Monte Carlo studies. Three replications of each cell of a 3 x 3 table with 10, 20 and 40 items and persons were analyzed. Mean rank correlation coefficients between the true order, specified by…

An experimental curriculum module was designed and was tested to determine its success in helping children cope with negative influences of viewing violence on television. Instructional treatments were administered in two forms: concept presentation, in which subjects were shown how various components of production are used to create a dramatic…

The degree of acquaintance among group members (friends or strangers) and the opportunity for group members to observe each other's actions (anonymous or non-anonymous) were manipulated in a 2 x 2 factorial design, to determine the amount of aversive stimulation that would be administered to a target person. When group members could not observe…

Author attempts to provide a careful analysis of Maier and Seligman's manuscript (AA 522 796) on learned helplessness with the hope that such a critique will produce a positive effect by clarifying issues of contention and pinpointing weaknesses in need of correction. (Author/RK)