The institutions in education use various assessment methods to decide on the proficiency levels of students in a particular construct. This study investigated whether the decisions differed based on the type of assessment: norm-and criterion-referenced assessment. An achievement test with 20 multiple-choice items was administered to 107 students…

University lecturers and coordinators of business and economics courses around the world are faced with the challenge that beginning students in these courses have heterogeneous entry conditions in terms of personal characteristics. This article focuses on the economic knowledge of German and Japanese beginning students in a business and economics…

In a signal detection theory (SDT) approach to multiple choice exams, examinees are viewed as choosing, for each item, the alternative that is perceived as being the most plausible, with perceived plausibility depending in part on whether or not an item is known. The SDT model is a process model and provides measures of item difficulty, item…

The purpose of this paper is to briefly introduce two most common applications of multiple group item response theory (IRT) models, namely detecting differential item functioning (DIF) analysis and nonequivalent group score linking with a simultaneous calibration. We illustrate how to conduct those analyses using the "Stata" item…

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) for a Greek student population. The STARS was administered to 890 Tertiary Education students in two Greek universities. It was performed a cross-validation study to examine the factorial structure and the psychometric properties with a series of confirmatory factor…

This article describes the synthesis of the research on mastery grading, growth mindsets, and testing for learning to produce a new grading system -- Second Chance Grading. The system and the research it is based on are described in detail. Reflections of the system's effectiveness, impact, and reception are also discussed. Finally, the appendix…

The aim of this study is to examine the opinions of preservice physical education teachers towards the teaching field knowledge test (TFKT). The test, which constitutes half of the score required to be appointed as a teacher is believed to determine the level of knowledge of preservice teachers in their fields of teaching. Preservice teachers'…

It is widely recognized that students encounter difficulties with proof across all grades and beyond, yet standardized instruments related specifically to students' perceived self-efficacy for mathematical proof have not been readily available. The purpose of this study was to develop and investigate preliminary validity evidence for a new…

Scholars have defined higher-order thinking (HOT) skills as a cognitive ability to interpret, analyze, arrange, and extend newly obtained and learned information (Lewis & Smith, 1993; Newmann, 1991a). Higher-order thinking skills draw much public attention, because they have been deemed to be an essential determinant of contemporary…

This article presents the development, results, validation, and implications of the TRansformative Outcomes and PrOcesses Scale (TROPOS), a 30-item, exploratory instrument to assess transformative learning (TL) among participants in educational programs. Core findings include a reliable ([alpha] = 0.884) and internally valid instrument with…

The purpose of this study was to validate a questionnaire aimed at assessing, from the point of view of families, the degree to which school administrations foster inclusion in compulsory education. In order to determine the psychometric properties of the "Cuestionario liderando la educación inclusiva en centros de educación…

This study was aimed to develop a scale to determine the problem behaviors of 3-6 aged preschool children. A systematic process was carried out during the development of the scale. A total of 305 preschool teachers filled in the scale development study. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), it was identified that the scale…

In 2017, the mathematics assessments that are part of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) program underwent a transformation shifting the administration from paper-and-pencil formats to digitally-based assessments (DBA). This shift introduced new interactive item types that bring rich process data and tremendous opportunities to…

In light of the shift towards incorporating multimodality in the curriculum, it is of interest and value to examine the extent to which multimodal literacy is assessed in national and international literacy tests. This is so as to surface any misalignment between the two and highlight gaps which curriculum planners and assessment designers can…

Graduate Physician Assistant Education programs are increasing in size and prevalence in the United States. PA Students are trained in the medical model, but not until only recently there have been standardized instruments to measure student progress versus national data before a student takes their certifying board examination. Many programs are…