A five-year longitudinal study was conducted on 11 beginning secondary teachers to investigate their reference group socialization. The study attempted to generate a grounded theory of ways in which teachers adapt the teacher role to meet their own personal needs. (JN)

Describes a study undertaken to determine the influence of parents, teachers, peers, and other groups on the secular values of adolescents on England. Findings indicated that neither a youth culture nor a class culture model of adolescent value orientation was prevalent. Further, religious and social class factors appeared to be more influential…

Analyzed data from a national probability sample of 15 through 19-year-old women to determine the influence of parents and peers on premarital sexual behavior, contraceptive use, and premarital pregnancy. Results show women with views resembling those of parents have low levels of premarital experience. (Author)

Compares relationship of male and female sport participation on locus of control, a dimension of personality that has been related to adjustment. Reveals female "organized" participants most internal and male nonparticipants most external. (Author/DA)

Uses the theory of symbolic interaction to explain why young servicemen develop a degrading view of women during boot camp. Reveals how the derogation of women becomes a major avenue of gaining peer recognition. Indicates that after boot camp most men return to their former patterns of response to women. (AYC)

Male and female subjects indicated their agreement (or disagreement) following an influence attempt. For male-related issues, subjects conformed more when the majority influence source was male. On female-related issues, subjects conformed more when the majority influence source was female. Males conformed more on the female-related issues.…

Explored ethnic and gender differences in sexual behavior among 148 white and 202 Asian American college students. Found that Asian and Caucasian American college youth differ in their sexual experience, with the former reporting fewer sexual partners. Individual, peer, and family correlates of sexual experience were quite similar across the two…

Reviews the literature to identify the most important antecedents associated with adolescent initiation of sex, contraception use, and pregnancy. Results indicate that over 100 antecedents create a complex, detailed picture of the correlates of adolescent sexual behaviors. They describe characteristics of adolescents themselves, their partners,…

Six- to 9-year olds predicted the movement of a balance beam. Results indicated that children who received feedback improved their performance more than those who did not receive feedback; the presence of a partner was beneficial only when children did not receive feedback; and children whose partner exhibited higher-level reasoning benefitted…

Examined data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to determine impact of school-level substance use on adolescent-peer similarity for smoking and drinking. Found that adolescent-peer similarity was significantly moderated by school-level substance use for both tobacco and alcohol use. Inferred that schools with relatively few…

Explored effects of naturally-occurring peer interactions and repeated suggestive interviews on preschoolers' event memories. Found that suggestive interviews, combined with peer exposure, led to children's claims of witnessing target activities comparable to those of children who actually witnessed these activities. Assent rates for misleading…

Describes Operation Snowball, an extensively used prevention model that emerged in response to drug abuse problems in school and society. Designed to engender positive student attitudes, this program combats alienation and attendant substance abuse through a process emphasizing information, education, alternatives to drugs, and environmental…

This study investigated the influence of peer support and leading or misleading questions on reports of a neutral event by 48 children (ages 5 to 10). Younger children made significantly more errors in response to directly misleading questions than to indirectly misleading questions. Peer support did not influence children's prompted recall…

Describes investigation examining relationship between adolescents' susceptibility to antisocial peer pressure and parenting style and frequency of behavior monitoring. Suggests adolescents most susceptible to antisocial peer pressure perceived infrequent monitoring by fathers, inappropriate discipline practice by fathers, and had mothers who…

Describes the Teen Hot Line, developed in response to the large apparent need for teens to talk with their peers about emergent needs and issues. A comprehensive and meaningful training program, combined with a high level of acceptance among the general youth population, has resulted in a valuable service for both the client callers and the…