The use of and emphasis on statistical significance testing has pervaded educational and behavioral research for many decades in spite of criticism by prominent researchers in this field. Much of the controversy is caused by lack of understanding or misinterpretations. This paper reviews criticisms of statistical significance testing and discusses…

Scores on the multiple-choice sections of alternate forms are equated through anchor-test equating for the Advanced Placement Program (AP) examinations. There is no linkage of free-response sections since different free-response items are given yearly. However, the free-response and multiple-choice sections are combined to produce a composite.…

It is erroneous to extend or generalize the inter-rater reliability coefficient estimated from only a (small) proportion of the sample to the rest of the sample data where only one rater is used for scoring, although such generalization is often made implicitly in practice. It is shown that if inter-rater reliability estimate from part of a sample…

This codebook contains the layout and descriptive information for survey and sampling variables for the public-use version of the 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Information in this volume allows the user to access the data file. This volume opens with a discussion of created variables and some user notes. Four appendixes contain the…

Points out that one flaw in statistical foundations of much reading research is that researchers neglect to consider whether their findings could be replicated using a different sample of materials. Also shows that many topics in reading research do not quite fit the model for the null hypothesis. (TO)

The present study contrasted the robustness of the WSD and the F test to heterogeneity of variances. (Author)

Problems in making inferences from a sample to a population and from one cohort to other cohorts are discussed. It is concluded that in most cases a longitudinal design using repeated measures is preferable to an independent samples design. (Author)

The approach to outcome research described here has the double merit of preserving individuality and permitting pooling of data for overall analysis of results. (Author)

The assumption that an examinee's response to an item is independent of the context in which it occurs is tested. (PR)

Despite the precautions in subject selection many of the usual sex differences appeared, including boys' higher level of aggression toward peers. (MH)

A previous article, EA 500 335, is criticized for claiming the applicability of the CRAM model without research documentation. (MF)