In the past decade, the number of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has steadily increased. A common characteristic of ASD is the presence of stereotypical behaviors (e.g., hand flapping, echolalia), which some have suggested may be associated with heightened arousal and/or anxiety. The purpose of this study is to compare…

Students' graph comprehension may be affected by the background of the students who are the readers or interpreters of the graph, their knowledge of the context in which the graph is set, and the inferential processes required by the graph operation. This research study investigated these aspects of graph comprehension for 152 first year…

A one-group quasi-experimental design and survey methodology were used to investigate the effect of virtual laboratory practices on preservice teachers' (N = 29) graphic comprehension and interpretation skills with different learning approaches. Pretest and posttest data were collected with the Test of Understanding Kinematic Graphs. The Learning…

Textbooks in applied mathematics often use graphs to explain the meaning of formulae, even though their benefit is still not fully explored. To test processes underlying this assumed multimedia effect we collected performance scores, eye movements, and think-aloud protocols from students solving problems in vector calculus with and without graphs.…

Classroom interactions between students and teachers form a two-way or dyadic network. Measurements such as days absent, test scores, student ratings, or student grades can indicate the "quality" of the interaction. Together with the underlying bipartite graph, these values create a valued student-teacher dyadic interaction network. To…

The volume of data that can be captured and stored from students' everyday interactions with digital environments allows for the creation of models of student knowledge, skills, and attributes unobtrusively. However, models and techniques for transforming these data into information that is useful for educators have not been established. This…

Who will make a better estimate concerning the number of jelly beans in a jar, a single person or a group of people? On one side of the debate is the notion that a person would make a better decision because he or she uses unique knowledge that the group may not possess. On the opposite side of the argument is the claim that because of their…

In this study I investigate Saldanha and Thompson's (1998) claim that conceptualizing a coordinate pair in the Cartesian coordinate system as a multiplicative object, a way to unite two quantities' values, supports students in conceptualizing graphs as emergent representations of how two quantities' values change together. I presented three…

How do toddlers learn the names of geometric forms? Previous work suggests that preschoolers have fragmentary knowledge and that defining properties are not understood until well into elementary school. The current study investigated when children first begin to understand shape names and how they apply those labels to unusual instances. We tested…

In science, graphs are used to visualise data, relationships and scientific principles. Basic graph reading operations, i.e. reading single data points, recognising trends as well as conducting small extrapolations from the data are important skills for pupils and lay the groundwork for a comprehensive understanding of data visualisations across…

Reasoning about graphical representations representing dynamic data (e.g., distance changing over time), including interpreting, creating, changing, combining, and comparing graphs, can be considered a domain-specific operationalization of the general twenty-first century skills of creative, critical thinking and solving problems. This paper…

Introduction: Participants' perspectives are valuable in evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention. Methods: Interviews were conducted with teachers of students with visual impairments and students who completed an intervention designed to build graphics literacy skills. Results: Six themes were identified with corresponding subthemes. The…

Introduction: Participants' perspectives are valuable in evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention. Methods: Interviews were conducted with teachers of students with visual impairments and students who completed an intervention designed to build graphics literacy skills. Results: Six themes were identified with corresponding subthemes. The…

This is a companion to our previous paper in which we give a published example, based primarily on Perry's work, of a graph of ln "y" versus "t" when "y" is an exponential function of "t". This work led us to the idea that Lord Kelvin's (William Thomson's) estimate of the Earth's age was…

This study illustrates how mathematical communication and learning are inherently multimodal and embodied; hence, sight-disabled students are also able to conceptualize visuospatial information and mathematical concepts through tactile and auditory activities. Adapting a perceptuomotor integration approach, the study shows that the lack of access…