Discussed are the theoretical explanations of the observation that low intelligence quotient (IQ), low socioeconomic status children appear to be brighter in certain ways than low IQ middle class youngsters. The two different theories on IQ as a function of socioeconomic status--environmental or cultural vs. genetically determined biological…

Forty blind children (ages 6 to 14, IQ's 65 to 132) in residential schools were studied to discover the relationship of verbalism to age, intelligence, experience, and personal adjustment. The children were given 40 selected words to obtain definitions, experience claims, and visually oriented verbalism scores. They then tried to identify items…

The effects of age and intelligence levels upon word associations were studied in 96 intellectually retarded, normal, and superior children with IQ's of 65 to 80, 91 to 110, and 117 to 158 respectively. A word association and a word usage task (reliability coefficients of .91 and .98) called for homogeneous responses to six form classes--count…

Among the issues discussed are the following: whether education is the great equalizer or the great slave, equality of opportunity and equality of results, conservative, liberal, and redemptive conceptions of educational equality, the heredity-environment issue, the causes of educational inequality, incompatibilities and dilemmas of equalization,…

This report contains a series of studies which represent ongoing research of six investigators, who seek to elucidate through empirical studies the psychological characteristics of culturally disadvantaged children. The chief aim has been to make comparative analyses of abilities and learning characteristics of children from intact subpopulation…

The identification of talent, and the understanding of its development and origins in terms of biographical data were investigated. The three central objectives were: to construct separate empirical procedures for Anglos and Blacks to predict certain academic performance criteria; to construct an empirical scoring procedure that could predict…

Program planning for economically deprived children might be improved if behavioral information pertinent to specific subcultural groups were systematically obtained. This prospectus focuses on developing a three-part behavioral model which, when integrated, would identify and profile the nature of disadvantagement in terms idiosyncratic and…

The principal task of this book was to examine some of the research evidence concerning the relation between personality and school achievement. Its source was the empirical research which bears on this issue rather than the various theories of personality. The reason for this was that the implications of many theories of personality for…

Gender differences in level and pattern of cognitive abilities were examined in 49 learning-disabled college students. Females were stronger in visual-motor abilities and verbal conceptualization, whereas the males' highest abilities were nonverbal visual-spatial. Both groups showed weaknesses in memory for digits and factual knowledge and in…

The two articles in this newsletter issue focus on and discuss the multiple intelligences (MI) theory and its application in schools. Developed by Howard Gardner at Harvard University, the theory argues that individuals differ in their abilities, learning styles, and interests, and that these differences need to be acknowledged and nurtured in…

This study investigates the effect of curiosity in first and second grade children as an individual difference variable in learning in a computer-based interactive learner control environment and discusses the implications for instructional designers and educators. The instruction was an art education lesson containing both facts and concepts. The…

While language has been the chief factor cited as causing Chicano youth to score below the majority population on mental and educational measurement scales, other explanatory factors identified by researchers over the years include socio-economic status, residential area (urban/rural), ethnicity and culture. Citations for 253 studies, books,…

In previous studies of ethnic group bias in intelligence test items, the question of bias has been confounded with ability differences between the ethnic group samples compared. The present study is based on a conditional probability model in which an unbiased item is defined as one where the probability of a correct response to an item is the…

In 1969-70, the research department of the Children's Television Workshop (CTW) established research sites in day care centers to provide feedback to the CTW staff and to conduct a controlled study of the educational benefits derived from viewing the program "Sesame Street." A randomized sample of 200 preschool students was given an…

Nine conference papers consider the application of knowledge and methods known to special education to the instruction of disadvantaged children. Edmund W. Gordon views the disadvantaged population; Frank B. Wilderson discusses behavior disorders in children from deprived backgrounds; Harriet Green Kopp describes problems of perception and…