Sample multiple-choice questions are examined for testing for three levels of knowledge in general biology: background or factual, operational, and analytic-synthetic. (ND)

This paper describes a study which was designed to compare the personal economic understandings developed by students who completed business and economics courses at a two-year college. (Author/RM)

Defines confidence testing and describes several formats which permit student selection and weighting of test items thereby enhancing student-teacher participation in the testing process. (MH)

Fifth graders read lessons dealing with a geometry rule. Half received preinstruction on the concepts related in the rule in either a logical or random order. Learning was measured on a rule attainment test. Only subjects receiving preinstruction on the concepts prior to rule instruction performed better than a control group. (Author/RD)

A modified before-after, control-group evaluation design was employed to assess the impact of a demonstration program for 30 multiply handicapped retarded children (mean age 5.6 years). (Author/PHR)

The author discusses the development of goals and performance standards for teacher evaluation of curriculum design, skill proficiency, knowledge levels, student interest, and teacher self-performance. (MJB)

Investigated secondary mathematics and science majors' understandings of metric relationships and abilities to apply metrics to everyday problems. Differences between groups on the measures were not significant. Both groups understood metric relationships reasonably well, but neither could apply the relationships to everyday situations. (CP)

Recommends that historians select textbooks which reflect the economic and natural resource issues shaping the twentieth-century American experience. A review of relevant monographs and textbooks is presented. (Author/DB)

In an experiment on the effects of video in teaching international relations, two classes were given video stimuli related to the Soviet Union and one class was given none. Findings indicate that exposure to video stimulus produced strong attitude change toward the Soviet Union and ability to understand and express Soviet perspectives. (Author/DB)

Implementation of this competency-based data processing course avoided the high start-up costs of self-paced instructional methodology, yet still resulted in increases in (1) levels of student competency, (2) student satisfaction, (3) average grade, (4) positive level of student evaluation of the teacher, and (5) proportion of students completing…

Addresses two questions regarding international socialization among children: (1) why is children's international political learning important? (2) what are central problems of interest for an investigator of international learning? Directions for future socialization are suggested. For journal availability, see SO 505 820. (Author/DB)

First-grade teachers characterized by high knowledge of behavioral principles were more verbally positive with their classes and produced significantly higher residual achievement gain results for low-IQ and middle-IQ pupils than did first-grade teachers characterized by low knowledge of behavioral principles. (Author/MV)

Examination of the way that preservice teachers think about their early experiences teaching science included exploration of the "Reflection-in-Action" (D. Schon, 1983) conceptualization of professional thinking. Testing of a set of criteria for detecting such thinking in clinical supervision indicated that this concept can be detected among…

Describes different methods used to represent learning schemata with an emphasis on the clues for effective instruction that can be found in both the process of representing and the representation produced. It is argued that all representations offer direct or indirect suggestions for organizing instruction and student learning. (RP)

A study found that both older community college student and sophomores are more advanced in some career development skills and have higher career self-esteem and grade point averages (GPAs) than younger students and freshmen. Women had higher GPAs, but there were no other consistent gender differences found. (Author/MSE)