British educational writings from the period 1770-1850 are examined for theoretical treatment of the mind, nature of thought, and relationship between knowledge and thinking. Special concern is taken with how the theories devise and justify educational programs. (Author/ND)

Examines the navigational profiles of 42 undergraduate students processing a hypertext document. Three profiles emerged: (1) knowledge seekers, (2) feature explorers, and (3) apathetic hypertext users. Results indicate that students who are interested in computers and hypertext but who don't possess relevant amounts of domain knowledge aligned…

Discusses four key community-based coronary heart disease prevention interventions, elaborating on some of the challenges they encountered. The four interventions are the Stanford Three Community Study, Stanford Five-City Project, Minnesota Heart Health Program, and Pawtucket (Rhode Island) Heart Health Program. (SM)

Identifies problems related to a counselor's lack of training to assist gifted African American children and proposes steps toward appropriate counselor training. A good multicultural training program has components of consciousness raising, antiracism, and knowledge and skill development. A multiculturally trained counselor is knowledgeable about…

Updates a 1983 analysis of 58 knowledge gap studies, adding 39 studies and pointing out innovative ways to improve research in the area. Notes serious consequences of the persistence of knowledge inequalities, with gaps in public affairs and health knowledge having a severe impact on groups most negatively affected by the rapid and accelerating…

A multitrait-multimethod study collected measures of social-cognitive flexibility, crystallized social knowledge, and academic problem solving from 169 high school seniors. Results support a division of social-cognitive intelligence into declarative and procedural social knowledge (crystallized) and flexible knowledge application as distinct from…

A quarterly newsletter outlining childhood developmental and behavioral issues was sent to foster families. Foster parents (n=150) were pretested regarding their attitudes toward child development situations and behavior problems. Posttesting after the fourth issue found that many of these attitudes were influenced by material in the newsletter.…

Several measures of fraction knowledge were developed and administered to 540 fifth-grade students in 22 classrooms. Students were asked to represent their conceptual knowledge in several task contexts and formats. Level of representational knowledge predicted performance on problem solving, justification, and explanation tasks. The assessments…

Reports results from a project that investigated the influence of two types of expertise--knowledge of the search domain and experience of the Web search engines--on students' use of a Web search engine. Results showed participants with good knowledge in the domain and participants with high experience of the Web had the best performances. (AEF)

The "fourth grade slump" in reading comprehension still exists. Among poor children, low comprehension ruins their chances for academic success. Among all children, comprehension scores are stagnant. Research indicates that key to both problems is systematically building children's vocabulary, fluency, and domain knowledge. To improve reading,…

Reports a study of the effectiveness of a third grade sexual abuse prevention program. Students who did and who did not receive the intervention completed a pre- and postprogram questionnaire. Results indicated that those completing the intervention significantly increased their sexual abuse knowledge scores and their behavioral intention scores.…

Assessed the degree of orthographic learning in homophonic choice, spelling, and target naming tasks with second graders. Found that processing of target homophones was superior to that of their homophonic controls and found a substantial correlation between orthographic learning and number of target homophones correctly decoded during story…

Focuses on the importance of background or schemata in learning to read and discusses how to help students use their background knowledge for reading. Suggests teachers need to activate students' prior knowledge of a topic before they begin to read. (VWL)

Explores the trends in the basic education of Bangladeshi children (ages 11 and 12) using data generated through two nationally representative sample surveys. Reports that the level of basic education rose slowly (26.7 percent in 1993 to 29.6 percent in 1998) while improvement was found in life skills knowledge and writing skills. Includes…

Discusses how to teach improvisation, creativity, and movement to beginning music classroom students. Includes background information on teaching each concept and lesson plans to be used with beginning string students. Provides rhythm patterns, exercises, and an assignment used in the lessons. (CMK)