A study investigated the degree to which elementary school reading teachers understood the reading process. Thirty teachers were asked to respond to four questions: (1) Have you ever thought about what you do when you read? (2) Have you ever thought about how meaning is represented in written language? (3) When you are reading, what do you do when…

In addition to the important role of memory strategies in mediating age changes in recall performance, it is clear that the permanent memory system (or information available in the knowledge base) exerts a significant influence on the acquisition and retention of information. Age changes in memory performance will be fully understood only through…

This is a national assessment of energy awareness among young adults. A national probability sample of young adults, ages 26 to 35, was drawn and stratified by region and community size. Approximately 1,300 persons responded to each of the 76 attitudinal and 70 knowledge questions administered by trained energy assessment interviewers. Besides the…

Adults must continue to learn. The accelerating pace of cultural change has made today's knowledge and skills tomorrow's obsolescence. A society that makes its educational investment almost entirely in children and youth is on the way to becoming obsolete and is reducing its survival chances. To promote the cause of lifelong learning, we need to…

Questions relating to knowledge of basic health concerns were the foundation of a survey of two groups of individuals: 17-year-old school students and adults between the ages of 26 and 35. The questions were grouped into two general categories--accident prevention and emergency care skills, and good health practices. Each of these topics contained…

Stemming from a major evaluation study of the Mt. Druitt Early Childhood Project, this paper presents a selective list of behaviors compiled by teachers to describe Year One (6-year-old) children in their classrooms according to six designated areas. These areas are (1) logical development (number, spatial, measurement, problem solving,…

This study focuses on the communication patterns (that is, talking of individual experiences and knowledge of other's experiences) of Holocaust related issues in the families of survivors and investigates the consequences of these patterns as reflected in the descendants' knowledge about the Holocaust and their attitudes toward its survivors. A…

The effect of the amount of prior knowledge on the long-term retrieval of information is examined. In two studies, seventh and eighth grade students of average or above average reading ability learned passages to simulate materials from history textbooks (factual), from reading textbooks (narrative), and from science textbooks (conceptual).…

TO DETERMINE THE KNOWLEDGE OF AGRONOMY POSSESSED BY ENTERING FRESHMEN IN THE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, STUDENTS ENROLLED IN THE REQUIRED COURSE AGRICULTURE IN THE ECONOMY DURING THE YEARS 1962 AND 1963 RESPONDED TO A 100-ITEM MULTIPLE CHOICE INSTRUMENT. A TOTAL OF 310 USABLE ANSWER SHEETS FURNISHED DATA ON STUDENTS--(1)…

A model of elementary school teacher behavior affecting pupil outcomes is presented, and research based upon that model is discussed. A portion of the model, the relationship between teacher aptitudes and knowledge, teaching behavior, and pupil outcomes is focused upon. Aptitudes considered important included verbal and reasoning ability, memory,…

The purpose of this study was to compare subjects' degree of interest with educational level to determine the better predictor of knowledge acquired from the mass media. Interest in and knowledge about two topics (impeachment and the National Football League strike) were determined from a 1974 survey of 253 adults. Knowledge was measured in terms…

This publication provides some guidance to alcohol and drug education program administrators by clarifying the different levels of evaluation and the kinds of learning that can occur at each level. While it outlines the components and considerations for evaluation, it does not define a step-by-step procedure. In short, it serves as a diet rather…

This study discusses the relationships between the level of science process skills and the degree of acquisition of new science knowledge. Participants included 257 preservice teachers enrolled in an elementary science methods course. A test, Test of Oceanographic Knowledge, was designed and used to define the level of knowledge acquisition. Level…

Bayes Theorem leads to three indexes of item effectiveness: 1) probability that an examinee knows the content given that the correct response was selected; 2) probability that an examinee does not know that content given that an incorrect response was selected; and 3) probability of making a correct decision about the examinee's knowledge given…

The purpose of this study was to acquire baseline data about students' environmental knowledge and attitudes and to study the relationships of attitudes and knowledge to variables that would be of interest in evaluative measures. Three forms of an inventory were developed to test knowledge of specific facts and general concepts of the environment,…