In today's Turkey there has been a comprehensive and radical transformation process. In this process where the Justice and Development Party (AKP) is the main actor, the norm and value system, which have become dominant in the state and the society, have been transformed through new conservative policies, while the principles (e.g. secularism),…

The disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 was a major global historical event of the 20th century that permanently changed the destiny of hundreds of millions of people around the world. It was not a revolution. It was not a transition to democracy. It was not a struggle for decolonization. No one expected a world power like the Soviet Union…

The function of the university in serving the state is the reproduction and legitimization of state functions and behaviours. Theorized in this manner, the university is observed as an internal auxiliary agent of the state that is made subordinate to dominant class interests and not as an independent agent able to critically and selectively…

This article examines the textual and visual content of the first postwar primer in socialist Yugoslav Macedonia in order to understand the messages that it contains relating to techniques of militarization. After outlining the historical context in which this primer was developed, with reference to teachers' memories and archival sources, the…

Identity, referring to the views we have about ourselves, the knowledge and images we employ, is essentially a narrative of the self conception on the part of the individual. Awareness of one's consciousness is neither an impulsive occurrence, nor an immutable conception as part of the genetic heritage. To the contrary, the development of the…

One of the most controversial issues about education in Turkey and around the world is inspection of education. Some countries conduct educational auditing through inspectors. Some countries, such as Finland, consider that there is no need for a mechanism such as an inspectorate, but instead considering public scrutiny. Inspectional Regulations in…

Michael Apple's 2005 article, "Doing Things the 'Right' Way: Legitimating Educational Inequalities in Conservative Times", is a seminal piece of writing that highlights some of his core concerns with the effects of neo-liberal and neo-conservative ideologies on education. Since its publication, this article has incited much debate about…

This paper is an attempt to connect the Brazilian Paulo Freire's well known educational thinking with the "philosophy for children" movement. It considers the relationship between the creator of philosophy for children (P4C), Matthew Lipman and Freire through different attempts to establish a relationship between these two educators. The…

'One day a poster announcing the preparatory course at the university appeared in a village. Pokusa [surname, "desire" in Polish] was among the first to enrol. He was accepted after passing an exam. Now he is one of the best students! -- All you need is a good will -- he explains.' That is how a local newspaper in 1953 encouraged peasant…

The "New York Times" Magazine published its "1619 Project" in August 2019 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the landing of the first Africans in the English colony of Virginia. The project is a collection of essays and artwork that argue that the legacy of American slavery can be seen today in areas as disparate as…

This book explores European governance and policy coordination within lifelong learning markets. Using an instruments approach, the editors and contributors examine the ways in which governance mechanisms employed by the European Union influence policy to regulate lifelong learning, and intervene in lifelong learning markets, at both European and…

This paper presents the pursuit of [un]happiness from a critical standpoint, and it examines how [un]happiness is influenced by social, political, historical, and economic systems. A mix-methods pilot study was conducted to find out how U.S. southwestern borderland community feel about happiness. The research participants included students and…

Purpose: This paper explores the economic and social effects of human capital investment in the 20th century. As well as drawing on census data and statistical yearbooks in Australia and Aoteoroa/New Zealand, the paper develops its argument by an intersection of scholarly work in sociology, economics and the history of education to consider the…

This grounded theory research investigated the experiences of 25 Chinese graduate students attending a Christian university in the United States, most of whom self-identified as atheist or nonreligious upon entry. Interview and questionnaire data identified that 23 of 25 participants experienced an overall increased openness to Christianity during…

This paper shows how a significant, but short-lived, episode in Scotland's educational history--the rise and decline of Socialist Sunday Schools (SSSs) in the first half of the twentieth century--provoked controversial debates about issues that continue to have relevance today. The first half of the paper explains the origins of SSSs, their links…