Offers two illustrations of how newspapers can plan and organize a systems approach to streamline their circulation departments. (RL)

Based on assumption that paradox itself is a conceptual and not an empirical phenomenon, study presents an analysis of these situations by analogy. This analysis has implications for psychotherapy which render the use of contralogical techniques of change more easily specifiable. (Author)

In an attempt to analyze systematically where power is and why it accumulates where it does, this study identifies how a voluntary consortium in higher education perceives the power systems in the institutional hierarchy. (MB)

Discusses the trend in academic debate on policy questions toward a wide acceptance of counterplans, encouraging combinations of proposals which appear at face value able to coexist but upon deeper analysis are incompatible. Argues in opposition to this trend by applying concepts from general systems theory to competition. (KEH)

Evaluates the validity of extrapolating research findings from the Monadic Phases Coding System (MP) to the Maximally Discriminative Facial Movement Coding System by coding videotapes of 12 4-month-old infants engaged in mother-infant interaction. (RJC)

Using an anthropological model of progress, a systemic model for family literacy is developed. The family is seen within a network of relationships with schools and workplaces within the context of communities and cultures. Family literacy focuses on the family as a whole and uses it as the preferred place of delivery. (SK)

Presents a framework for analyzing and evaluating digital reference services based on systems analysis. Focuses on existence of a public archive, content, selectivity, safeguards for privacy, access, browsability and searchability, and relationship to frequently asked questions and other site content. (Author/LRW)

This chapter discusses multiple challenges and pathways to address the margins of adult education and poses question for future consideration.

Efforts to make substantial and substantive improvements related to mental health in schools and student/learning supports requires much more than implementing a few demonstrations. Improved approaches are only as good as a school district's ability to develop and institutionalize them equitably in all its schools. This process often is called…

After almost three decades of school reform, student achievement nationally is about where it was when it started, and student behavior has declined dramatically. Numbers of dropouts, especially in cities and among the poor and minorities, have gotten much higher. Yet many billions of dollars have been spent; countless professionals have carried…

It is important for students to develop critical thinking and other higher-order thinking skills during their tertiary studies. Along with the ability to think critically comes the need to develop students' meta-cognitive skills. These abilities work together to enable students to control, monitor, and regulate their own cognitive processes and…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to show that changes in social systems do not occur randomly. They are consistent with what has gone on before, with the history and identity of the system. As long as the organizing principles of a dominant culture remain unchallenged, behavior of all the social-units originating from this culture will remain…

Here is a short presentation of the main statistical indicators for higher education. The analysis was structured on national and regional level and also taking in account the differences between private and state universities. We have focused on some indicators regarding students and teachers flows. Romanian case is a special one, that had no…

Understanding complex systems is fundamental to understanding science. The complexity of such systems makes them very difficult to understand because they are composed of multiple interrelated levels that interact in dynamic ways. The goal of this study was to understand how experts and novices differed in their understanding of two complex…

Five major areas of analysis regarding instructional systems are described, and the examination of different instructional procedures is emphasized. (LH)